Hydrogen sulfide attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction-induced cellular senescence and apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells by upregulating sirtuin 1

• Published in: Aging (Albany, NY.) NY.), 2019-12, Vol.11 (24), p.11844-11864
• Main Authors: Guan, Ruijuan, Cai, Zhou, Wang, Jian, Ding, Mingjing, Li, Ziying, Xu, Jingyi, Li, Yuanyuan, Li, Jingpei, Yao, Hongwei, Liu, Wei, Qian, Jing, Deng, Bingxian, Tang, Chun, Sun, Dejun, Lu, Wenju
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: A549 Cells; Alveolar Epithelial Cells - drug effects; Alveolar Epithelial Cells - metabolism; Apoptosis - drug effects; Cellular Senescence - drug effects; Humans; Hydrogen Sulfide - pharmacology; Mitochondria - drug effects; Nicotiana - toxicity; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Research Paper; Sirtuin 1 - biosynthesis; Smoke - adverse effects; Up-Regulation
• ISSN: 1945-4589; 1945-4589
• DOI: 10.18632/aging.102454

Hydrogen sulfide (H S), an endogenous gaseous signal molecule, regulates many pathologies related to aging. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been shown to protect against mitochondrial dysfunction and other pathological processes, including premature senescence. This study was aimed to investigate whether and how H S attenuates senescence and apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells via a SIRT1-dependent mechanism. Our results showed that treatment with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a donor of H S, attenuated cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence and apoptosis in A549 cells. This was associated with SIRT1 upregulation. SIRT1 activation by a pharmacological activator, SRT1720, attenuated CSE-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in A549 cells. While SIRT1 inhibition by EX 527 or silencing by siRNA transfection significantly attenuated or abolished the ability of NaHS to reverse the CSE-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and the imbalance of mitochondrial fusion and fission. Also, SIRT1 inhibition or silencing abolished the protection of NaHS against CSE-induced cellular senescence and apoptosis. In conclusion, H S attenuates CSE-induced cellular senescence and apoptosis by improving mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress in alveolar epithelial cells in a SIRT1-dependent manner. These findings provide novel mechanisms underlying the protection of H S against cigarette smoke-induced COPD.