Pathogenic Characteristics of a Porcine Astrovirus Strain Isolated in China

Astroviral infection is considered to be one of the causes of mammalian diarrheal diseases. It has been shown that astrovirus infections cause varying degrees of diarrhea in turkeys and mice. However, the pathogenesis of porcine astrovirus is unknown. In this study, the virulence of a cytopathic por...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2019-12, Vol.11 (12), p.1156
Main Authors: Fang, Qingli, Wang, Cui, Liu, Huan, Wu, Qingping, Liang, Siying, Cen, Minli, Dong, Qinting, Wei, Yingyi, Chen, Ying, Ouyang, Kang, Wei, Zuzhang, Huang, Weijian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Antigens
Cell culture
Cytokines
Diarrhea
Encephalitis
Experiments
Gene expression
Genomes
Growth rate
Hogs
Infections
Inflammation
Innate immunity
Inoculation
Intestine
Laboratory animals
Lymphatic system
Mucosa
Pathogenesis
Permeability
Polymerase chain reaction
Proteins
Reverse transcription
RNA polymerase
Virulence
Viruses
β-Interferon
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Summary:Astroviral infection is considered to be one of the causes of mammalian diarrheal diseases. It has been shown that astrovirus infections cause varying degrees of diarrhea in turkeys and mice. However, the pathogenesis of porcine astrovirus is unknown. In this study, the virulence of a cytopathic porcine astrovirus (PAstV) strain (PAstV1-GX1) isolated from the PK-15 cell line was tested using seven-day-old nursing piglets. The results showed that PAstV1-GX1 infection could cause mild diarrhea, growth retardation, and damage of the villi of the small intestinal mucosa. However, all the above symptoms could be restored within 7 to 10days post inoculation (dpi). To evaluate the innate immunity response of PAstV in vivo, the alteration of inflammatory cytokine expression in piglets infected with PAstV1-GX1 was determined using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The mRNA expression levels of the IFNβ and ISG54 were found to be significantly elevated in virus-infected piglets. In contrast, expression of IFNλ was downregulated in piglets infected with PAstV1-GX1. In addition, the mRNA expression of the tight junction protein 1 and 2 and zonula occludin 1, which are associated with the intestinal barrier permeability, were affected after PAstV1 infection. The present study adds to our understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of PAstV and has established an animal model for further study of pig astrovirus infection.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v11121156