Lung Function, Dietary Intake, and Weight Status in Children with Persistent Asthma from Low-Income, Urban Communities

Asthma and obesity are prevalent chronic childhood diseases that commonly co-occur in youth from low-income, minority backgrounds. Diet is a known risk factor for obesity; however, its role in asthma/obesity comorbidity is not well established. This analysis examined the association between diet and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2019-12, Vol.11 (12), p.2943
Main Authors: Evans, E Whitney, Koinis-Mitchell, Daphne, Kopel, Sheryl J, Jelalian, Elissa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asthma
Asthma - epidemiology
Asthma - pathology
Child
Children & youth
Childrens health
Chronic illnesses
Diet
Diet Surveys
Dietary intake
Ethnicity
Female
Fruits
Hispanic Americans
Hospitals
Humans
Low income groups
Male
New England - epidemiology
Nutritional Requirements
Nutritional Status
Obesity
Overweight
Poverty
Respiratory function
Respiratory Function Tests
Risk Factors
Urban areas
Urban Population
Weight control
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Summary:Asthma and obesity are prevalent chronic childhood diseases that commonly co-occur in youth from low-income, minority backgrounds. Diet is a known risk factor for obesity; however, its role in asthma/obesity comorbidity is not well established. This analysis examined the association between diet and lung function and effect modification by weight status. Lung function (FEV % predicted), anthropometric, and dietary data were collected from 95 children, ages 7-9 years old with persistent asthma, from low-income, urban communities in the United States. Associations between lung function, diet and weight status were examined using multivariable linear regression. There were no significant differences in dietary intake between children with persistent asthma with and without obesity; however, >85% of participants did not meet recommendations for fruit, vegetable, and whole grain intake for their age and sex. Only intake of fruit (whole fruit and juice) was significantly associated with FEV % predicted (-3.36; 95% CI: -6.5 to -0.2). Diet quality was poor in this sample, independent of weight status. More research is needed to understand the relationship between diet, lung function, and weight status, so that interventions can be developed to concurrently address obesity and weight.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu11122943