Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Dampens Allergic Rhinitis via Eosinophilic Production of the Anti-Allergic Lipid Mediator 15-Hydroxyeicosapentaenoic Acid in Mice

The metabolism and generation of bioactive lipid mediators are key events in the exertion of the beneficial effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids in the regulation of allergic inflammation. Here, we found that dietary linseed oil, which contains high amounts of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) dampened a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2019-11, Vol.11 (12), p.2868
Main Authors: Sawane, Kento, Nagatake, Takahiro, Hosomi, Koji, Hirata, So-Ichiro, Adachi, Jun, Abe, Yuichi, Isoyama, Junko, Suzuki, Hidehiko, Matsunaga, Ayu, Fukumitsu, Satoshi, Aida, Kazuhiko, Tomonaga, Takeshi, Arita, Makoto, Kunisawa, Jun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergic rhinitis
Fatty acids
Food allergies
Histamine
Hypersensitivity
Immune system
Intranasal administration
Leukocytes (eosinophilic)
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Linseed oil
Lipids
Mast cells
Metabolites
Nutrition
Oils & fats
Phagocytes
Rhinitis
Sneezing
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Summary:The metabolism and generation of bioactive lipid mediators are key events in the exertion of the beneficial effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids in the regulation of allergic inflammation. Here, we found that dietary linseed oil, which contains high amounts of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) dampened allergic rhinitis through eosinophilic production of 15-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (15-HEPE), a metabolite of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Lipidomic analysis revealed that 15-HEPE was particularly accumulated in the nasal passage of linseed oil-fed mice after the development of allergic rhinitis with the increasing number of eosinophils. Indeed, the conversion of EPA to 15-HEPE was mediated by the 15-lipoxygenase activity of eosinophils. Intranasal injection of 15-HEPE dampened allergic symptoms by inhibiting mast cell degranulation, which was mediated by the action of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. These findings identify 15-HEPE as a novel EPA-derived, and eosinophil-dependent anti-allergic metabolite, and provide a preventive and therapeutic strategy against allergic rhinitis.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu11122868