Temporal trends in management and outcome of pulmonary embolism: a single-centre experience

• Published in: Clinical research in cardiology 2020-01, Vol.109 (1), p.67-77
• Main Authors: Ebner, Matthias, Kresoja, Karl-Patrik, Keller, Karsten, Hobohm, Lukas, Rogge, Nina I. J., Hasenfuß, Gerd, Pieske, Burkert, Konstantinides, Stavros V., Lankeit, Mareike
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Anticoagulants; Cardiology; Embolism; Embolisms; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mortality; Original Paper; Patients; Pulmonary embolisms; Reperfusion; Risk; Risk groups; Risk management; Trends; Vitamin K
• ISSN: 1861-0684; 1861-0692
• DOI: 10.1007/s00392-019-01489-9

Background Real-world data on the impact of advances in risk-adjusted management on the outcome of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) are limited. Methods To investigate temporal trends in treatment, in-hospital adverse outcomes and 1-year mortality, we analysed data from 605 patients [median age, 70 years (IQR 56–77) years, 53% female] consecutively enrolled in a single-centre registry between 09/2008 and 08/2016. Results Over the 8-year period, more patients were classified to lower risk classes according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2014 guideline algorithm while the number of high-risk patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) increased. Although patients with OHCA had an exceptionally high in-hospital mortality rate of 59.3%, the rate of PE-related in-hospital adverse outcomes (12.2%) in the overall patient cohort remained stable over time. The rate of reperfusion treatment was 9.6% and tended to increase in high-risk patients. We observed a decrease in the median duration of in-hospital stay from 10 (IQR 6–14) to 7 (IQR 4–15) days, an increase of patients discharged early from 2.1 to 12.2% and an increase in the use of non-vitamin K-dependent oral anticoagulants (NOACs) from 12.6 to 57.2% in the last 2 years (09/2014–08/2016) compared to first 6 years (09/2008–08/2014). The 1-year mortality rate (16.9%) remained stable throughout the study period. Conclusion In-hospital adverse outcomes and 1-year mortality remained stable despite more patients with OHCA, shorter in-hospital stays, more patients discharged early and a more frequent NOAC use.