Level of Consciousness Is Dissociable from Electroencephalographic Measures of Cortical Connectivity, Slow Oscillations, and Complexity

Leading neuroscientific theories posit a central role for the functional integration of cortical areas in conscious states. Considerable evidence supporting this hypothesis is based on network changes during anesthesia, but it is unclear whether these changes represent state-related (conscious vs un...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of neuroscience 2020-01, Vol.40 (3), p.605-618
Main Authors: Pal, Dinesh, Li, Duan, Dean, Jon G, Brito, Michael A, Liu, Tiecheng, Fryzel, Anna M, Hudetz, Anthony G, Mashour, George A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anesthesia
Carbachol
Complexity
Consciousness
Cortex (parietal)
EEG
Functional integration
Neural networks
Noradrenaline
Norepinephrine
Oscillations
Prefrontal cortex
Sevoflurane
Sleep and wakefulness
Wakefulness
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Summary:Leading neuroscientific theories posit a central role for the functional integration of cortical areas in conscious states. Considerable evidence supporting this hypothesis is based on network changes during anesthesia, but it is unclear whether these changes represent state-related (conscious vs unconscious) or drug-related (anesthetic vs no anesthetic) effects. We recently demonstrated that carbachol delivery to prefrontal cortex (PFC) restored wakefulness despite continuous administration of the general anesthetic sevoflurane. By contrast, carbachol delivery to parietal cortex, or noradrenaline delivery to either prefrontal or parietal cortices, failed to restore wakefulness. Thus, carbachol-induced reversal of sevoflurane anesthesia represents a unique state that combines wakefulness with clinically relevant anesthetic concentrations in the brain. To differentiate the state-related and drug-related associations of cortical connectivity and dynamics, we analyzed the electroencephalographic data gathered from adult male Sprague Dawley rats during the aforementioned experiments for changes in functional cortical gamma connectivity (25-155 Hz), slow oscillations (0.5-1 Hz), and complexity (
ISSN:0270-6474
1529-2401
DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1910-19.2019