Virus-induced transposable element expression up-regulation in human and mouse host cells

Virus-host cell interactions initiate a host cell-defensive response during virus infection. How transposable elements in the host cell respond to viral stress at the molecular level remains largely unclear. By reanalyzing next generation sequencing data sets from dozens of virus infection studies f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Life science alliance 2020-02, Vol.3 (2), p.e201900536
Main Authors: Macchietto, Marissa G, Langlois, Ryan A, Shen, Steven S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
A549 Cells
Animals
Databases, Genetic
DNA Transposable Elements - genetics
HEK293 Cells
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics
Humans
Interferon-beta - genetics
Lymphocytes - virology
Macrophages - virology
Mice
RAW 264.7 Cells
RNA-Seq
Up-Regulation - genetics
Virus Diseases - genetics
Virus Diseases - virology
Virus Replication - genetics
Viruses - genetics
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Summary:Virus-host cell interactions initiate a host cell-defensive response during virus infection. How transposable elements in the host cell respond to viral stress at the molecular level remains largely unclear. By reanalyzing next generation sequencing data sets from dozens of virus infection studies from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found that genome-wide transposon expression up-regulation in host cells occurs near antiviral response genes and exists in all studies regardless of virus, species, and host cell tissue types. Some transposons were found to be up-regulated almost immediately upon infection and before increases in virus replication and significant increases in interferon β expression. These findings indicate that transposon up-regulation is a common phenomenon during virus infection in human and mouse and that early up-regulated transposons are part of the first wave response during virus infection.
ISSN:2575-1077
2575-1077
DOI:10.26508/lsa.201900536