Loading…

Elastic Asymmetry of PLA Material in FDM-Printed Parts: Considerations Concerning Experimental Characterisation for Use in Numerical Simulations

The objective of this research is to characterise the material poly lactic acid (PLA), printed by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology, under three loading conditions-tension, compression and bending-in order to get data that will allow to simulate structural components. In the absence of spe...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2019-12, Vol.13 (1), p.15
Main Authors: Pastor-Artigues, Ma-Magdalena, Roure-Fernández, Francesc, Ayneto-Gubert, Xavier, Bonada-Bo, Jordi, Pérez-Guindal, Elsa, Buj-Corral, Irene
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-2cc569407ea1c0a6877a4eea70c54c16ec45af4b2145ebfd5b6bce9b938b941c3
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-2cc569407ea1c0a6877a4eea70c54c16ec45af4b2145ebfd5b6bce9b938b941c3
container_end_page
container_issue 1
container_start_page 15
container_title Materials
container_volume 13
creator Pastor-Artigues, Ma-Magdalena
Roure-Fernández, Francesc
Ayneto-Gubert, Xavier
Bonada-Bo, Jordi
Pérez-Guindal, Elsa
Buj-Corral, Irene
description The objective of this research is to characterise the material poly lactic acid (PLA), printed by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology, under three loading conditions-tension, compression and bending-in order to get data that will allow to simulate structural components. In the absence of specific standards for materials manufactured in FDM technology, characterisation is carried out based on ASTM International standards D638, D695 and D790, respectively. Samples manufactured with the same printing parameters have been built and tested; and the tensile, compressive and flexural properties have been determined. The influences of the cross-sectional shape and the specimen length on the strength and elastic modulus of compression are addressed. By analysing the mechanical properties obtained in this way, the conclusion is that they are different, are not coherent with each other, and do not reflect the bimodular nature (different behaviour of material in tension and compression) of this material. A finite element (FE) model is used to verify these differences, including geometric non-linearity, to realistically reproduce conditions during physical tests. The main conclusion is that the test methods currently used do not guarantee a coherent set of mechanical properties useful for numerical simulation, which highlights the need to define new characterisation methods better adapted to the behaviour of FDM-printed PLA.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/ma13010015
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6981541</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2548645278</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-2cc569407ea1c0a6877a4eea70c54c16ec45af4b2145ebfd5b6bce9b938b941c3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdkm1rFDEQx4Motpx94weQgG9EWM3zbnwhHOdVhaseaF-HbG62TdmHa5IV71v0IzfbO89qIGQm-c0_M8Mg9JKSd5xr8r6zlBNKCJVP0CnVWhVUC_H0kX2CzmK8IXlxTiumn6OTfCoqKD9Fd8vWxuQdnsdd10EKOzw0eL2a4wubIHjbYt_j808XxTr4PsEGr21I8QNeDH30Gwg2-WxNroPQ-_4KL39vc2AHfcrBi2sbrJuU4gOJmyHgywiT6rexy_cuUz98N7Z7pRfoWWPbCGeHc4Yuz5c_F1-K1ffPXxfzVeGEqFLBnJNKC1KCpY5YVZWlFQC2JE4KRxU4IW0jakaFhLrZyFrVDnSteVVrQR2foY973e1Yd7BxOd1gW7PNmduwM4P15t-X3l-bq-GXUbqiMvduhuhewMXRmQC5fGfTQ-DRmTYjJTNcVZSpHPPm8GkYbkeIyXQ-Omhb28MwRsM402Vm5YS-_g-9GcbQ55YYJkWlhGRllam3hyTCEGOA5lgAJWaaD_N3PjL86nHJR_TPNPB7ZqC3-w</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2548645278</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Elastic Asymmetry of PLA Material in FDM-Printed Parts: Considerations Concerning Experimental Characterisation for Use in Numerical Simulations</title><source>PubMed Central database</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><source>ProQuest Publicly Available Content database</source><creator>Pastor-Artigues, Ma-Magdalena ; Roure-Fernández, Francesc ; Ayneto-Gubert, Xavier ; Bonada-Bo, Jordi ; Pérez-Guindal, Elsa ; Buj-Corral, Irene</creator><creatorcontrib>Pastor-Artigues, Ma-Magdalena ; Roure-Fernández, Francesc ; Ayneto-Gubert, Xavier ; Bonada-Bo, Jordi ; Pérez-Guindal, Elsa ; Buj-Corral, Irene</creatorcontrib><description>The objective of this research is to characterise the material poly lactic acid (PLA), printed by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology, under three loading conditions-tension, compression and bending-in order to get data that will allow to simulate structural components. In the absence of specific standards for materials manufactured in FDM technology, characterisation is carried out based on ASTM International standards D638, D695 and D790, respectively. Samples manufactured with the same printing parameters have been built and tested; and the tensile, compressive and flexural properties have been determined. The influences of the cross-sectional shape and the specimen length on the strength and elastic modulus of compression are addressed. By analysing the mechanical properties obtained in this way, the conclusion is that they are different, are not coherent with each other, and do not reflect the bimodular nature (different behaviour of material in tension and compression) of this material. A finite element (FE) model is used to verify these differences, including geometric non-linearity, to realistically reproduce conditions during physical tests. The main conclusion is that the test methods currently used do not guarantee a coherent set of mechanical properties useful for numerical simulation, which highlights the need to define new characterisation methods better adapted to the behaviour of FDM-printed PLA.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma13010015</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31861413</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Additive manufacturing ; Bimodulus materials ; Composite materials ; Compressive strength ; Computer simulation ; Elements finits, Mètode dels ; Enginyeria dels materials ; FDM ; Finite element analysis (FEA) ; Finite element method ; Fused deposition modeling ; ISO standards ; Lactic acid ; Materials compostos ; Mechanical properties ; Modulus of elasticity ; Physical tests ; PLA ; Plastics ; Simulation ; Test methods ; Àrees temàtiques de la UPC</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2019-12, Vol.13 (1), p.15</ispartof><rights>2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights><rights>2019 by the authors. 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-2cc569407ea1c0a6877a4eea70c54c16ec45af4b2145ebfd5b6bce9b938b941c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-2cc569407ea1c0a6877a4eea70c54c16ec45af4b2145ebfd5b6bce9b938b941c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4373-7603 ; 0000-0003-3536-2338 ; 0000-0003-4058-4162</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2548645278/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2548645278?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31861413$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pastor-Artigues, Ma-Magdalena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roure-Fernández, Francesc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayneto-Gubert, Xavier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonada-Bo, Jordi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pérez-Guindal, Elsa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buj-Corral, Irene</creatorcontrib><title>Elastic Asymmetry of PLA Material in FDM-Printed Parts: Considerations Concerning Experimental Characterisation for Use in Numerical Simulations</title><title>Materials</title><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><description>The objective of this research is to characterise the material poly lactic acid (PLA), printed by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology, under three loading conditions-tension, compression and bending-in order to get data that will allow to simulate structural components. In the absence of specific standards for materials manufactured in FDM technology, characterisation is carried out based on ASTM International standards D638, D695 and D790, respectively. Samples manufactured with the same printing parameters have been built and tested; and the tensile, compressive and flexural properties have been determined. The influences of the cross-sectional shape and the specimen length on the strength and elastic modulus of compression are addressed. By analysing the mechanical properties obtained in this way, the conclusion is that they are different, are not coherent with each other, and do not reflect the bimodular nature (different behaviour of material in tension and compression) of this material. A finite element (FE) model is used to verify these differences, including geometric non-linearity, to realistically reproduce conditions during physical tests. The main conclusion is that the test methods currently used do not guarantee a coherent set of mechanical properties useful for numerical simulation, which highlights the need to define new characterisation methods better adapted to the behaviour of FDM-printed PLA.</description><subject>Additive manufacturing</subject><subject>Bimodulus materials</subject><subject>Composite materials</subject><subject>Compressive strength</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Elements finits, Mètode dels</subject><subject>Enginyeria dels materials</subject><subject>FDM</subject><subject>Finite element analysis (FEA)</subject><subject>Finite element method</subject><subject>Fused deposition modeling</subject><subject>ISO standards</subject><subject>Lactic acid</subject><subject>Materials compostos</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Modulus of elasticity</subject><subject>Physical tests</subject><subject>PLA</subject><subject>Plastics</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Test methods</subject><subject>Àrees temàtiques de la UPC</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkm1rFDEQx4Motpx94weQgG9EWM3zbnwhHOdVhaseaF-HbG62TdmHa5IV71v0IzfbO89qIGQm-c0_M8Mg9JKSd5xr8r6zlBNKCJVP0CnVWhVUC_H0kX2CzmK8IXlxTiumn6OTfCoqKD9Fd8vWxuQdnsdd10EKOzw0eL2a4wubIHjbYt_j808XxTr4PsEGr21I8QNeDH30Gwg2-WxNroPQ-_4KL39vc2AHfcrBi2sbrJuU4gOJmyHgywiT6rexy_cuUz98N7Z7pRfoWWPbCGeHc4Yuz5c_F1-K1ffPXxfzVeGEqFLBnJNKC1KCpY5YVZWlFQC2JE4KRxU4IW0jakaFhLrZyFrVDnSteVVrQR2foY973e1Yd7BxOd1gW7PNmduwM4P15t-X3l-bq-GXUbqiMvduhuhewMXRmQC5fGfTQ-DRmTYjJTNcVZSpHPPm8GkYbkeIyXQ-Omhb28MwRsM402Vm5YS-_g-9GcbQ55YYJkWlhGRllam3hyTCEGOA5lgAJWaaD_N3PjL86nHJR_TPNPB7ZqC3-w</recordid><startdate>20191218</startdate><enddate>20191218</enddate><creator>Pastor-Artigues, Ma-Magdalena</creator><creator>Roure-Fernández, Francesc</creator><creator>Ayneto-Gubert, Xavier</creator><creator>Bonada-Bo, Jordi</creator><creator>Pérez-Guindal, Elsa</creator><creator>Buj-Corral, Irene</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>XX2</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4373-7603</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3536-2338</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4058-4162</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191218</creationdate><title>Elastic Asymmetry of PLA Material in FDM-Printed Parts: Considerations Concerning Experimental Characterisation for Use in Numerical Simulations</title><author>Pastor-Artigues, Ma-Magdalena ; Roure-Fernández, Francesc ; Ayneto-Gubert, Xavier ; Bonada-Bo, Jordi ; Pérez-Guindal, Elsa ; Buj-Corral, Irene</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-2cc569407ea1c0a6877a4eea70c54c16ec45af4b2145ebfd5b6bce9b938b941c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Additive manufacturing</topic><topic>Bimodulus materials</topic><topic>Composite materials</topic><topic>Compressive strength</topic><topic>Computer simulation</topic><topic>Elements finits, Mètode dels</topic><topic>Enginyeria dels materials</topic><topic>FDM</topic><topic>Finite element analysis (FEA)</topic><topic>Finite element method</topic><topic>Fused deposition modeling</topic><topic>ISO standards</topic><topic>Lactic acid</topic><topic>Materials compostos</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Modulus of elasticity</topic><topic>Physical tests</topic><topic>PLA</topic><topic>Plastics</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Test methods</topic><topic>Àrees temàtiques de la UPC</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pastor-Artigues, Ma-Magdalena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roure-Fernández, Francesc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ayneto-Gubert, Xavier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonada-Bo, Jordi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pérez-Guindal, Elsa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buj-Corral, Irene</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science &amp; Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials science collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Publicly Available Content database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Recercat</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pastor-Artigues, Ma-Magdalena</au><au>Roure-Fernández, Francesc</au><au>Ayneto-Gubert, Xavier</au><au>Bonada-Bo, Jordi</au><au>Pérez-Guindal, Elsa</au><au>Buj-Corral, Irene</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Elastic Asymmetry of PLA Material in FDM-Printed Parts: Considerations Concerning Experimental Characterisation for Use in Numerical Simulations</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><date>2019-12-18</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>15</spage><pages>15-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>The objective of this research is to characterise the material poly lactic acid (PLA), printed by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology, under three loading conditions-tension, compression and bending-in order to get data that will allow to simulate structural components. In the absence of specific standards for materials manufactured in FDM technology, characterisation is carried out based on ASTM International standards D638, D695 and D790, respectively. Samples manufactured with the same printing parameters have been built and tested; and the tensile, compressive and flexural properties have been determined. The influences of the cross-sectional shape and the specimen length on the strength and elastic modulus of compression are addressed. By analysing the mechanical properties obtained in this way, the conclusion is that they are different, are not coherent with each other, and do not reflect the bimodular nature (different behaviour of material in tension and compression) of this material. A finite element (FE) model is used to verify these differences, including geometric non-linearity, to realistically reproduce conditions during physical tests. The main conclusion is that the test methods currently used do not guarantee a coherent set of mechanical properties useful for numerical simulation, which highlights the need to define new characterisation methods better adapted to the behaviour of FDM-printed PLA.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>31861413</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma13010015</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4373-7603</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3536-2338</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4058-4162</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1996-1944
ispartof Materials, 2019-12, Vol.13 (1), p.15
issn 1996-1944
1996-1944
language eng
recordid cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6981541
source PubMed Central database; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; ProQuest Publicly Available Content database
subjects Additive manufacturing
Bimodulus materials
Composite materials
Compressive strength
Computer simulation
Elements finits, Mètode dels
Enginyeria dels materials
FDM
Finite element analysis (FEA)
Finite element method
Fused deposition modeling
ISO standards
Lactic acid
Materials compostos
Mechanical properties
Modulus of elasticity
Physical tests
PLA
Plastics
Simulation
Test methods
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC
title Elastic Asymmetry of PLA Material in FDM-Printed Parts: Considerations Concerning Experimental Characterisation for Use in Numerical Simulations
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T01%3A53%3A01IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elastic%20Asymmetry%20of%20PLA%20Material%20in%20FDM-Printed%20Parts:%20Considerations%20Concerning%20Experimental%20Characterisation%20for%20Use%20in%20Numerical%20Simulations&rft.jtitle=Materials&rft.au=Pastor-Artigues,%20Ma-Magdalena&rft.date=2019-12-18&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.pages=15-&rft.issn=1996-1944&rft.eissn=1996-1944&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390/ma13010015&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2548645278%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-2cc569407ea1c0a6877a4eea70c54c16ec45af4b2145ebfd5b6bce9b938b941c3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2548645278&rft_id=info:pmid/31861413&rfr_iscdi=true