Sanitation and Collective Efficacy in Rural Cambodia: The Value Added of Qualitative Formative Work for the Contextualization of Measurement Tools

Community-level action may be required to achieve the levels of sanitation uptake necessary for health gains. Evidence suggests that collective action is influenced by collective efficacy (CE)-a group's belief in its abilities to organize and execute action to achieve common goals. The extent t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2019-12, Vol.17 (1), p.1
Main Authors: Salinger, Allison P, Sclar, Gloria D, Dumpert, James, Bun, Davin, Clasen, Thomas, Delea, Maryann G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cambodia
Collective action
Community
Community Participation - statistics & numerical data
Data collection
Defecation
Female
Gender
Grounded Theory
Humans
Hygiene
Male
Middle Aged
Minority & ethnic groups
Population
Provinces
Qualitative analysis
Qualitative Research
Rural areas
Rural Population - statistics & numerical data
Sanitation
Sanitation - methods
Sanitation - statistics & numerical data
Value added
Women
Young Adult
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Summary:Community-level action may be required to achieve the levels of sanitation uptake necessary for health gains. Evidence suggests that collective action is influenced by collective efficacy (CE)-a group's belief in its abilities to organize and execute action to achieve common goals. The extent to which it is necessary to fully contextualize existing CE measurement tools, in order to conduct meaningful assessments of the factors influencing CE perceptions, is not well understood. This study examines the value added of contextualizing an existing CE measurement tool using qualitative formative research. We employed a modified grounded theory approach to develop a contextualized CE framework based on qualitative data from rural Cambodian villages. The resulting framework included sub-constructs that were pertinent for the rural Cambodian context for which an existing, hypothesized framework did not account: perceived risks/benefits, action knowledge, shared needs/benefits, and external accountability. Complex confirmatory factor analyses indicated that contextualized models fit the data better than hypothesized models for women and men. This study demonstrates that inductive, qualitative research allows community-derived factors to enhance existing tools for context-specific CE measurement. Additional research is needed to determine which CE factors transcend contexts and could, thus, form the foundation of a general CE measurement tool.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph17010001