Relationship between Intrinsically Photosensitive Ganglion Cell Function and Circadian Regulation in Diabetic Retinopathy

Background: Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) control non-visual light responses (e.g. pupillary light reflex and circadian entrainment). Patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) show reduced ipRGC function, as inferred by abnormalities in the post illumination pupil respon...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2020-01, Vol.10 (1), p.1560, Article 1560
Main Authors: Reutrakul, Sirimon, Crowley, Stephanie J., Park, Jason C., Chau, Felix Y., Priyadarshini, Medha, Hanlon, Erin C., Danielson, Kirstie K., Gerber, Ben S., Baynard, Tracy, Yeh, Jade J., McAnany, J. Jason
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Adie Syndrome - metabolism
Adie Syndrome - pathology
Aged
Cells, Cultured
Circadian Clocks - physiology
Circadian rhythm
Circadian rhythms
Cortisol
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - pathology
Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic Retinopathy - metabolism
Diabetic Retinopathy - pathology
Entrainment
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Hydrocortisone - metabolism
Insomnia
Male
Melatonin
Melatonin - analogs & derivatives
Melatonin - metabolism
Melatonin - urine
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
Reflex, Pupillary
Regression analysis
Retina
Retinal ganglion cells
Retinal Ganglion Cells - physiology
Retinopathy
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sleep
Sleep and wakefulness
Sleep disorders
Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm - metabolism
Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm - pathology
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
Sulfatoxymelatonin
Wrist
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Summary:Background: Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) control non-visual light responses (e.g. pupillary light reflex and circadian entrainment). Patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) show reduced ipRGC function, as inferred by abnormalities in the post illumination pupil response (PIPR). We explored whether ipRGC function in DR is associated with circadian outputs and sleep/wake behavior. Methods: Forty-five participants (15 without diabetes, 15 with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and no DR, 15 with T2D and DR) participated. ipRGC function was inferred from the PIPR (pupil size following stimulus offset). Circadian outputs were melatonin amplitude (overnight urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s)) and timing (dim light melatonin onset (DLMO)), and evening salivary cortisol levels. Sleep/wake patterns were measured with wrist actigraphy and insomnia symptoms were assessed subjectively. Results: Patients with T2D and DR had smaller PIPR and lower urinary aMT6s than other groups (p 
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-58205-1