Circulating Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Early Colorectal Cancer-A Review

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the developed world, with global deaths expected to double in the next decade. Disease stage at diagnosis is the single greatest prognostic indicator for long-term survival. Unfortunately, early stage CRC is often asymptomatic and dia...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2019-12, Vol.12 (1), p.52
Main Authors: Desmond, Brendan J, Dennett, Elizabeth R, Danielson, Kirsty M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Asymptomatic
Biomarkers
Biopsy
Biosynthesis
Cancer
Colonoscopy
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Diagnosis
Metastasis
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Mortality
Population
Proteins
Review
Survival
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Summary:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the developed world, with global deaths expected to double in the next decade. Disease stage at diagnosis is the single greatest prognostic indicator for long-term survival. Unfortunately, early stage CRC is often asymptomatic and diagnosis frequently occurs at an advanced stage, where long-term survival can be as low as 14%. Circulating microRNAs encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently come to prominence as novel diagnostic markers for cancer. EV-miRNAs are dysregulated in the circulation of CRC patients compared to healthy controls, and several specific miRNA candidates have been posited as diagnostic markers, including miR-21, miR-23a, miR-1246, and miR-92a. This review outlines the current landscape of EV-miRNAs as potential diagnostic markers for CRC, with a specific focus on those able to detect early stage disease.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers12010052