Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Performance Improves Biological Response on Titanium Surfaces

• Published in: Materials 2020-02, Vol.13 (3), p.756
• Main Authors: Yao, Wan-Ling, Lin, Jerry Chin Yi, Salamanca, Eisner, Pan, Yu-Hwa, Tsai, Pei-Yo, Leu, Sy-Jye, Yang, Kai-Chiang, Huang, Haw-Ming, Huang, Huei-Yu, Chang, Wei-Jen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alkaline phosphatase; Autoclaving; Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Biofilms; Biomedical materials; Cell adhesion; Chromium; Contact angle; Cytotoxicity; Dental implants; Differentiation; Erbium; Fibroblasts; Gallium; Infections; Lasers; Mucositis; Periodontics; Phosphatase; Photoelectrons; Scandium; Scientific imaging; Surface roughness; Titanium; Viability; Wettability; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Yttrium
• ISSN: 1996-1944; 1996-1944
• DOI: 10.3390/ma13030756

infection is one of the causes of implant failures, which can lead to peri-implantitis. Implant surface roughness is reportedly related strongly to . adhesion, which can lead to peri-implantitis and, later, cell adhesion. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on titanium (Ti) disc surfaces and its interaction with bacterial adhesion and fibroblast viability. Ti discs underwent two treatments: autoclaving (control) and erbium, chromium-doped yttrium scandium gallium garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser treatment (test). Ti disc surfaces were examined with scanning electronic microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface roughness same as wettability were also investigated. Fibroblast viability was assessed with the water-soluble tetrazolium 1 (WST-1) test, and osteoblast differentiation was assessed with the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay. Bacterial structure and colony formation were detected with scanning electron microscopy and Gram stain. In comparison to control discs, the test discs showed smoother surfaces, with 0.25-µm decrease in surface roughness ( < 0.05); lower . adhesion ( < 0.01); less . colonization ( < 0.05); and increased fibroblast viability and osteoblast differentiation ( < 0.05). Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment improved disc surfaces by making them slightly smoother, which reduced adhesion and increased fibroblast viability and osteoblast differentiation. Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment can be considered a good option for managing peri-implantitis. Further investigations of laser-assisted therapy are necessary for better guidelines in the treatment of peri-implantitis.