Voluntary exercise improves voiding function and bladder hyperalgesia in an animal model of stress‐induced visceral hypersensitivity: A multidisciplinary approach to the study of urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome research network study

• Published in: Neurourology and urodynamics 2020-02, Vol.39 (2), p.603-612
• Main Authors: Sanford, Melissa T., Yeh, Jih‐chao, Mao, Jackie J., Guo, Yumei, Wang, Zhuo, Zhang, Rong, Holschneider, Daniel P., Rodriguez, Larissa V.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: animal model; Animal models; Animals; Anxiety; Bladder; Chronic pain; Cystitis; Cystitis, Interstitial - physiopathology; Cystitis, Interstitial - therapy; Disease Models, Animal; Distension; Electromyography; Exercise; Exercise Therapy - methods; Female; Hyperalgesia; Hyperalgesia - physiopathology; Hyperalgesia - therapy; Hypersensitivity; interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome; Pain; Pain perception; Pelvic Pain - physiopathology; Pelvic Pain - therapy; Physical activity; Physical Conditioning, Animal - physiology; Physical fitness; Physical training; psychological stress; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Sphincter; Stress; Therapeutic applications; Urethra - physiopathology; Urination
• ISSN: 0733-2467; 1520-6777
• DOI: 10.1002/nau.24270

Objective The underlying mechanism of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is not well understood and evaluation of current therapeutic interventions has not identified any generally effective treatments. Physical activity has shown beneficial effects on individuals suffering from chronic pain. Anxiety‐prone rats exposed to water avoidance stress (WAS) develop urinary frequency and lower bladder sensory thresholds with high face and construct validity for the study of IC/BPS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of chronic voluntary exercise on urinary frequency, voiding function, and hyperalgesia in animals exposed to WAS. Materials and Methods Twenty‐six female Wistar‐Kyoto rats were exposed to WAS and thereafter randomized to either voluntary exercise for 3 weeks or sedentary groups. Voiding parameters were assessed at baseline, post‐WAS, and weekly for 3 weeks. Before euthanasia, the animals underwent cystometrogram (CMG), external urinary sphincter electromyography, and assessment of visceromotor response (VMR) to isotonic bladder distension (IBD). Results WAS exposure resulted in adverse changes in voiding parameters. Compared with sedentary animals, animals in the voluntary exercise group had improved voiding parameters during metabolic cage and CMG testing, as well as improved bladder sensory thresholds as determined by VMR during IBD. Conclusion Voluntary exercise in an animal model of chronic stress leads to improvement in voiding function and visceral bladder hyperalgesia.