The IFITM protein family in adaptive immunity

Summary Interferon‐inducible transmembrane (IFITM) proteins are a family of small homologous proteins, localized in the plasma and endolysosomal membranes, which confer cellular resistance to many viruses. In addition, several distinct functions have been associated with different IFITM family membe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunology 2020-04, Vol.159 (4), p.365-372
Main Authors: Yánez, Diana C., Ross, Susan, Crompton, Tessa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive Immunity
Animals
Antigens, Differentiation - genetics
Antigens, Differentiation - immunology
Asthma - genetics
Asthma - immunology
Asthma - pathology
Biomedical materials
CD4 antigen
Cell Differentiation
Cell Membrane - immunology
Cell Membrane - metabolism
differentiation
Differentiation (biology)
Endosomes - immunology
Endosomes - metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation
Helper cells
Homology
Humans
Immunity
Inflammation
Interferon
interferon‐inducible transmembrane protein
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Membranes
Mice
Mineralization
Protein Isoforms - genetics
Protein Isoforms - immunology
Proteins
Review
Signal Transduction
T cell
T helper type 1
T helper type 2
Th1 Cells - immunology
Th1 Cells - metabolism
Th2 Cells - immunology
Th2 Cells - metabolism
Virus Diseases - genetics
Virus Diseases - immunology
Virus Diseases - pathology
Virus Diseases - virology
Viruses
Viruses - immunology
Viruses - pathogenicity
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Description
Summary:Summary Interferon‐inducible transmembrane (IFITM) proteins are a family of small homologous proteins, localized in the plasma and endolysosomal membranes, which confer cellular resistance to many viruses. In addition, several distinct functions have been associated with different IFITM family members, including germ cell specification (IFITM1–IFITM3), osteoblast function and bone mineralization (IFITM5) and immune functions (IFITM1–3, IFITM6). IFITM1–3 are expressed by T cells and recent experiments have shown that the IFITM proteins are directly involved in adaptive immunity and that they regulate CD4+ T helper cell differentiation in a T‐cell‐intrinsic manner. Here we review the role of the IFITM proteins in T‐cell differentiation and function. Recent studies have identified new T‐cell‐intrinsic roles for the IFITM family in T helper differentiation and atopic and inflammatory disease, which are independent of their functions in cellular resistance to viral infection.
ISSN:0019-2805
1365-2567
DOI:10.1111/imm.13163