Aptamer-based and aptazyme-based riboswitches in mammalian cells

[Display omitted] Molecular recognition by RNA aptamers has been exploited to control gene expression in response to small molecules in mammalian cells. These mammalian synthetic riboswitches offer attractive features such as small genetic size and lower risk of immunological complications compared...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in chemical biology 2019-10, Vol.52, p.72-78
Main Author: Yokobayashi, Yohei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Aptamers, Nucleotide - metabolism
Enzymes - metabolism
Frameshifting, Ribosomal
Gene Expression Regulation
Mammals
MicroRNAs - metabolism
Riboswitch
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
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Summary:[Display omitted] Molecular recognition by RNA aptamers has been exploited to control gene expression in response to small molecules in mammalian cells. These mammalian synthetic riboswitches offer attractive features such as small genetic size and lower risk of immunological complications compared to protein-based transcriptional gene switches. The diversity of gene regulatory mechanisms that involve RNA has also inspired the development of mammalian riboswitches that harness various regulatory mechanisms. In this report, recent advances in synthetic riboswitches that function in mammalian cells are reviewed focusing on the regulatory mechanisms they exploit such as mRNA degradation, microRNA processing, and programmed ribosomal frameshifting.
ISSN:1367-5931
1879-0402
DOI:10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.05.018