Low re-inhalation of the exhaled flow during normal nasal breathing in a pediatric airway replica

To estimate the fraction of the exhaled airflow that is re-inhaled during normal nasal breathing, experiments were carried out in a water tank with an anatomically accurate respiratory tract model of a 4-year-old child. The velocity of respiratory flow was scaled using similarity laws between air an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Building and environment 2016-02, Vol.97, p.40-47
Main Authors: Wei, Jianjian, Tang, Julian W., Borojeni, Azadeh A.T., Yin, Shi, Martin, Andrew, Finlay, Warren H., Li, Yuguo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Airflow
Airways
Breathing
Buoyancy
Construction
Food-dye visualization
Laser-particle quantitative visualization
Normal nasal breathing
Plumes
Quantitative analysis
Re-inhalation of exhaled airflow
Tanks
Thermal plume
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Summary:To estimate the fraction of the exhaled airflow that is re-inhaled during normal nasal breathing, experiments were carried out in a water tank with an anatomically accurate respiratory tract model of a 4-year-old child. The velocity of respiratory flow was scaled using similarity laws between air and water. Breath simulation was performed via a computer-controlled piston-cylinder system. Food-dye visualization allows a qualitative analysis of the re-inhaled fraction of this exhaled flow. For the quantitative analysis, neutrally buoyant particles were added to the water medium, and illuminated by the laser which illuminates the whole breathing region of the respiratory model, such that the trajectory and quantity of the re-inhaled particles can be recorded and counted. The experimental results in the pediatric airway replica show that a negligible fraction (
ISSN:0360-1323
1873-684X
DOI:10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.12.011