Capsosiphon fulvescens Glycoproteins Enhance Probiotics-Induced Cognitive Improvement in Aged Rats

• Published in: Nutrients 2020-03, Vol.12 (3), p.837
• Main Authors: Oh, Jeong Hwan, Nam, Taek-Jeong, Choi, Youn Hee
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Aging; Aging (artificial); Aging - psychology; Animal cognition; Animals; Biomarkers; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - metabolism; c-Jun protein; Capsosiphon fulvescens; Chlorophyta - chemistry; Cognition - drug effects; Cognitive ability; Cognitive Aging; Cognitive Dysfunction - drug therapy; Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology; Disease Models, Animal; Elongation; Gene expression; Glycoproteins; Glycoproteins - chemistry; Glycoproteins - pharmacology; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; JNK protein; Kinases; Laboratory animals; Lactobacillus plantarum; Male; MAP Kinase Kinase 4 - metabolism; Memory; Memory tasks; Microbiota; Morris Water Maze Test; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism; Oral administration; Phosphoprotein phosphatase; Phosphorylation; Probiotics; Probiotics - administration & dosage; Proteins; Rats; Spatial analysis; Spatial memory; Stress; Synergistic effect; Transcription factors
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu12030837

Aging-induced cognitive dysfunction can be regulated by probiotics through bidirectional communication with the brain. This study aimed to investigate whether glycoproteins (Cf-hGP) enhanced probiotic-induced improvement of memory in aged rats and the underlying mechanism in the dorsal hippocampus. Cf-hGP were isolated using lectin resin. Cf-hGP (15 mg/kg/day) and/or ( ) (10 CFU/rat/day) were orally administered once a day for 4 weeks. Co-treatment with Cf-hGP and synergistically improved spatial memory in aged rats, which was overturned by functional blocks of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. Increases in BDNF expression and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) phosphorylation were accompanied by mono- and/or co-administration in the dorsal hippocampus, while c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and glucose-regulated protein 78 expression were decreased. These synergistic effects were downregulated by blocks of BDNF/Nrf2-mediated signaling. In particular, co-treatment, not mono-treatment, reduced phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) regulated by eEF2 kinase and protein phosphatase 2A. Additionally, co-treatment downregulated the interaction between eEF2 kinase and JNK. These data demonstrated that cognitive impairment in aged rats was synergistically diminished by co-treatment with Cf-hGP and through BDNF-mediated regulation of Nrf2 and eEF2 signaling pathways in the dorsal hippocampus.