Rapidly progressive dementia-associated N-type voltage-gated calcium channel antibody encephalopathy

Autoimmune encephalopathy is one of the treatable causes of rapidly progressive dementia; however, it is often underdiagnosed. Autoantibodies against voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) have been linked to several neurological disorders, including Lambert-Eaton syndrome, but VGCC antibody-associate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings - Baylor University. Medical Center 2020-04, Vol.33 (2), p.278-280
Main Authors: Thakolwiboon, Smathorn, Karukote, Amputch, Sohn, Gyeongmo, Duarte-Celada, Walter R, Julayanont, Parunyou
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Case Studies
Dementia
Disease management
Medical treatment
Neurological disorders
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Summary:Autoimmune encephalopathy is one of the treatable causes of rapidly progressive dementia; however, it is often underdiagnosed. Autoantibodies against voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) have been linked to several neurological disorders, including Lambert-Eaton syndrome, but VGCC antibody-associated encephalopathy is uncommon. Herein, we present a case of a 74-year-old woman with prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms followed by rapid cognitive decline. Extensive initial studies were nondiagnostic. Subsequently, serum N-type VGCC antibody was positive. After treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin, the patient's cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms significantly improved.
ISSN:0899-8280
1525-3252
DOI:10.1080/08998280.2019.1709117