Associations between the Chronotypes and Eating Habits of Hong Kong School-Aged Children

Later chronotypes have been found to be associated with unhealthy diets in adolescents and adults, but no study has been conducted in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the chronotypes and dietary patterns of school-aged children. Children aged 7-11 and their...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2020-04, Vol.17 (7), p.2583
Main Authors: Yu, Branda Yee-Man, Yeung, Wing-Fai, Ho, Yuan-Shan, Ho, Fiona Yan Yee, Chung, Ka Fai, Lee, Regina Lai Tong, Lam, Mei Yuk, Chen, Shucheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Children
Circadian rhythms
Cultural differences
Diet
Eating
Eating behavior
Evening
Fast food
Food preferences
Gender differences
Meals
Obesity
Parents
Parents & parenting
Preferences
Questionnaires
Risk factors
Schedules
Schools
Sex differences
Sleep
Teenagers
Television
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Summary:Later chronotypes have been found to be associated with unhealthy diets in adolescents and adults, but no study has been conducted in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the chronotypes and dietary patterns of school-aged children. Children aged 7-11 and their parents were recruited from five mainstream schools in Hong Kong. The parents were told to complete questionnaires on the children's circadian preferences, food frequency, and dietary behaviors. All of the questionnaires were distributed and collected by schoolteachers. No gender differences in chronotype were observed (all > 0.05). The evening-type was associated with significantly greater odds of viewing television (TV) during meals (adjusted odds ratios (OR) = 5.62 in boys and 5.39 in girls). Evening-oriented boys were prone to skipping breakfast (adjusted OR = 14.78), whereas evening-oriented girls were at risk of consuming fast food (adjusted OR = 7.74). There are indications of some gender differences in chronotype-related eating patterns. Sleep duration and screen time significantly mediated the associations between later chronotypes and unhealthy eating habits. Individualized dietary recommendations in accordance with circadian preferences may be effective at promoting healthy and nutritious diets for school-aged children.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph17072583