Cytokine storm intervention in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia

•COVID-19 infection can lead to the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome MODS within a few days of disease onset.•A powerful cytokine storm accompanies COVID-19 pneumonia.•The capacity to accurately predict and intervene in the cytokin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cytokine & growth factor reviews 2020-06, Vol.53, p.38-42
Main Authors: Sun, Xinjuan, Wang, Tianyuan, Cai, Dayong, Hu, Zhiwei, Chen, Jin’an, Liao, Hui, Zhi, Liming, Wei, Hongxia, Zhang, Zhihong, Qiu, Yuying, Wang, Jing, Wang, Aiping
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
COVID-19
Cytokine storm
Inflammation
Lung damage
SARS-CoV2
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Summary:•COVID-19 infection can lead to the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome MODS within a few days of disease onset.•A powerful cytokine storm accompanies COVID-19 pneumonia.•The capacity to accurately predict and intervene in the cytokine storm during COVID-19 pneumonia, as well as the ability to design effective specific strategies to block excessive inflammation, is critical for patient survival. Clinical intervention in patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has demonstrated a strong upregulation of cytokine production in patients who are critically ill with SARS-CoV2-induced pneumonia. In a retrospective study of 41 patients with COVID-19, most patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection developed mild symptoms, whereas some patients later developed aggravated disease symptoms, and eventually passed away because of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), as a consequence of a severe cytokine storm. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected pneumonia were first published January 30th, 2020; these guidelines recommended for the first time that cytokine monitoring should be applied in severely ill patients to reduce pneumonia related mortality. The cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 illness is also an important component of mortality in other viral diseases, including SARS, MERS and influenza. In view of the severe morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia, we review the current understanding of treatment of human coronavirus infections from the perspective of a dysregulated cytokine and immune response.
ISSN:1359-6101
1879-0305
DOI:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.04.002