Smoking Behavior in Low- and High-Income Adults Immediately Following California Proposition 56 Tobacco Tax Increase

To compare the association of California Proposition 56 (Prop 56), which increased the cigarette tax by $2 per pack beginning on April 1, 2017, with smoking behavior among low- and high-income adults. Drawing on a sample of 17 206 low-income and 21 324 high-income adults aged 21 years or older from...

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Published in:American journal of public health (1971) 2020-06, Vol.110 (6), p.868-870
Main Authors: Keeler, Courtney, Max, Wendy, Yao, Tingting, Wang, Yingning, Zhang, Xueying, Sung, Hai-Yen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
AJPH Open-Themed Research
Behavior
Cigarette smoking
Cigarettes
Epidemiology
Ethnicity
Excise taxes
Health behavior
Health Law
Health Policy
Health surveillance
High income
Hispanic people
Income
Low income groups
Mental health
Other Statistics/Evaluation/Research
Poverty
Public health
Regression analysis
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Risk taking
Sensitivity analysis
Smoking
Sociodemographics
Socioeconomic Factors
Statistical analysis
Surveillance
Tax increases
Tobacco
Tobacco Control
Trends
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creator Keeler, Courtney
Max, Wendy
Yao, Tingting
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Zhang, Xueying
Sung, Hai-Yen
description To compare the association of California Proposition 56 (Prop 56), which increased the cigarette tax by $2 per pack beginning on April 1, 2017, with smoking behavior among low- and high-income adults. Drawing on a sample of 17 206 low-income and 21 324 high-income adults aged 21 years or older from the 2012 to 2018 California Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we explored 2 outcomes: current smoking prevalence and smoking intensity (average number of cigarettes per day among current smokers). For each income group, we estimated a multivariable logistic regression to analyze the association of Prop 56 with smoking prevalence and a multivariable linear regression to analyze the association of Prop 56 with smoking intensity. Although we observed no association between smoking intensity and Prop 56, we found a statistically significant decline in smoking prevalence among low-income adults following Prop 56. No such association was found among the high-income group. Given that low-income Californians smoke cigarettes at greater rates than those with higher incomes, our results provide evidence that Prop 56 is likely to reduce income disparities in cigarette smoking in California.
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Drawing on a sample of 17 206 low-income and 21 324 high-income adults aged 21 years or older from the 2012 to 2018 California Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we explored 2 outcomes: current smoking prevalence and smoking intensity (average number of cigarettes per day among current smokers). For each income group, we estimated a multivariable logistic regression to analyze the association of Prop 56 with smoking prevalence and a multivariable linear regression to analyze the association of Prop 56 with smoking intensity. Although we observed no association between smoking intensity and Prop 56, we found a statistically significant decline in smoking prevalence among low-income adults following Prop 56. No such association was found among the high-income group. Given that low-income Californians smoke cigarettes at greater rates than those with higher incomes, our results provide evidence that Prop 56 is likely to reduce income disparities in cigarette smoking in California.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-0036</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1541-0048</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305615</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32298173</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Public Health Association</publisher><subject>Adults ; AJPH Open-Themed Research ; Behavior ; Cigarette smoking ; Cigarettes ; Epidemiology ; Ethnicity ; Excise taxes ; Health behavior ; Health Law ; Health Policy ; Health surveillance ; High income ; Hispanic people ; Income ; Low income groups ; Mental health ; Other Statistics/Evaluation/Research ; Poverty ; Public health ; Regression analysis ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; Risk taking ; Sensitivity analysis ; Smoking ; Sociodemographics ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Statistical analysis ; Surveillance ; Tax increases ; Tobacco ; Tobacco Control ; Trends</subject><ispartof>American journal of public health (1971), 2020-06, Vol.110 (6), p.868-870</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Public Health Association Jun 2020</rights><rights>American Public Health Association 2020 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-4d79b6a787dff9a29e17f05207652fcaef9b8cdcdfc476dd347cf4c1d80266393</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-4d79b6a787dff9a29e17f05207652fcaef9b8cdcdfc476dd347cf4c1d80266393</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2404086384/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2404086384?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,3995,11688,21387,21394,27866,27924,27925,33611,33612,33985,33986,36060,36061,43733,43948,44363,53791,53793,74221,74468,74895</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32298173$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Keeler, Courtney</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Max, Wendy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yao, Tingting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yingning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Xueying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sung, Hai-Yen</creatorcontrib><title>Smoking Behavior in Low- and High-Income Adults Immediately Following California Proposition 56 Tobacco Tax Increase</title><title>American journal of public health (1971)</title><addtitle>Am J Public Health</addtitle><description>To compare the association of California Proposition 56 (Prop 56), which increased the cigarette tax by $2 per pack beginning on April 1, 2017, with smoking behavior among low- and high-income adults. Drawing on a sample of 17 206 low-income and 21 324 high-income adults aged 21 years or older from the 2012 to 2018 California Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we explored 2 outcomes: current smoking prevalence and smoking intensity (average number of cigarettes per day among current smokers). For each income group, we estimated a multivariable logistic regression to analyze the association of Prop 56 with smoking prevalence and a multivariable linear regression to analyze the association of Prop 56 with smoking intensity. Although we observed no association between smoking intensity and Prop 56, we found a statistically significant decline in smoking prevalence among low-income adults following Prop 56. No such association was found among the high-income group. 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Given that low-income Californians smoke cigarettes at greater rates than those with higher incomes, our results provide evidence that Prop 56 is likely to reduce income disparities in cigarette smoking in California.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Public Health Association</pub><pmid>32298173</pmid><doi>10.2105/AJPH.2020.305615</doi><tpages>3</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adults
AJPH Open-Themed Research
Behavior
Cigarette smoking
Cigarettes
Epidemiology
Ethnicity
Excise taxes
Health behavior
Health Law
Health Policy
Health surveillance
High income
Hispanic people
Income
Low income groups
Mental health
Other Statistics/Evaluation/Research
Poverty
Public health
Regression analysis
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Risk taking
Sensitivity analysis
Smoking
Sociodemographics
Socioeconomic Factors
Statistical analysis
Surveillance
Tax increases
Tobacco
Tobacco Control
Trends
title Smoking Behavior in Low- and High-Income Adults Immediately Following California Proposition 56 Tobacco Tax Increase
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