Changes in long term survival after diagnosis with common hematologic malignancies in the early 21st century

• Published in: Blood cancer journal (New York) 2020-05, Vol.10 (5), p.56-56, Article 56
• Main Authors: Pulte, Dianne, Jansen, Lina, Brenner, Hermann
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 21st century; 692/308/174; 692/700/478/174; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Blood cancer; Cancer Research; Epidemiological Monitoring; Female; Hematologic Neoplasms - diagnosis; Hematologic Neoplasms - epidemiology; Hematology; Hodgkin Disease - diagnosis; Hodgkin Disease - epidemiology; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid - diagnosis; Leukemia, Lymphoid - epidemiology; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive - diagnosis; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive - epidemiology; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - diagnosis; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - epidemiology; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - diagnosis; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - epidemiology; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Myeloma - diagnosis; Multiple Myeloma - epidemiology; Oncology; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - diagnosis; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - epidemiology; Survival Analysis; Survival Rate; Young Adult
• ISSN: 2044-5385; 2044-5385
• DOI: 10.1038/s41408-020-0323-4

Five-year survival has increased for many hematologic malignancies in the 21st century. However, whether this has translated into greater long-term survival is unknown. Here, we examine 10- and 20-year survival for patients with multiple myeloma (MM), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-9 database. Patients age 15+ with the above malignancies were included. The newly developed boomerang method was used to examine 10- and 20-year relative survival (RS) for patients in 2002–2006 and 2012–16. Ten and 20-year RS increased for each malignancy examined, with increases ranging from +4.4% units for 20-year RS for AML to +23.1% units for 10-year RS for CML. Ten year RS was >50% in 2012–16 for patients with CLL, CML, HL, NHL, and DLBCL, at 77.1%, 62.1%, 63.9%, 64.5%, and 63.0%, respectively. Survival dropped between 10 and 20 years after diagnosis for most malignancies. Long-term survival is increasing for common hematologic malignancies, but late mortality is an ongoing issue. Further study of long-term outcomes in curable malignancies to determine the reason for these later decreases in survival is indicated.