Novel classifiers with clinical laboratory parameters for early detection of osteosarcoma

• Published in: Journal of clinical laboratory analysis 2020-05, Vol.34 (5), p.e23189-n/a
• Main Authors: Cao, Lin‐Lin, Chen, Zhaoming, Yue, Zhihong, Pei, Lin, Jia, Mei, Wang, Hui, Li, Tingting
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age groups; Alkaline Phosphatase; Biomarkers; Biomarkers, Tumor - blood; Bone cancer; Bone lesions; Bone Neoplasms - blood; Bone Neoplasms - diagnosis; Bone Neoplasms - pathology; Bone tumors; Case-Control Studies; Chemotherapy; Child; classifier; Cysts; diagnosis; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Fractures; Gender; Hematology; Humans; laboratory parameter; Lymphocytes; Male; Medical laboratories; Medical prognosis; Metastases; Metastasis; Osteosarcoma; Osteosarcoma - blood; Osteosarcoma - diagnosis; Osteosarcoma - pathology; Reproducibility of Results; ROC Curve; Sarcoma; Sensitivity and Specificity; Standard deviation; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0887-8013; 1098-2825
• DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23189

Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant bone tumors. It is essential to explore early diagnostic indicators with high sensitivity and specificity due to the rapid progression and metastasis of OS and the poor survival of metastatic OS patients. However, a few indicators of diagnostic significance have been described. Methods A total of 458 OS patients, 312 healthy individuals, and 228 patients with primary benign bone lesions were included. Logistic regression was performed on 46 clinical laboratory parameters to establish the diagnostic classifiers, which were evaluated by analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results We established three diagnostic classifiers, called Cos for all ages, Clos for low ages, and Chos for high ages, with clinical laboratory parameters to distinguish OS from healthy individuals. All classifiers showed better diagnostic performances than alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the independent validation cohort. In addition, these classifiers had better ability than ALP to discriminate OS from primary benign bone lesions. Furthermore, Cos, Clos, and Chos had larger AUC than ALP to identify small‐size and early‐stage OS and could also detect ALP‐negative OS effectively. Conclusion Our study suggests the potential of Cos, Clos, and Chos as non‐invasive biomarkers for early OS.