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The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain sus...
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Published in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2020-05, Vol.17 (9), p.3067 |
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description | The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain suspended as aerosol. Moreover, it has been reported that infected subjects, both with and without clinical signs of COVID-19, can transmit the virus. Since the infection typically enters through mouth, nose, and eyes, dentistry is one of the medical practices at highest risk of infection due to the frequent production of aerosol and the constant presence of saliva. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested that only emergency/urgent procedures should be performed during the coronavirus outbreak. Considering the virus' route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). This protocol should be implemented by modifying both patient management and clinical practice, introducing particular devices and organizational practices. This paper aims to discuss and suggest the most appropriate procedures in every aspect of dental practice to reduce infection risk. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph17093067 |
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Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice</title><source>Open Access: PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><source>Coronavirus Research Database</source><source>ProQuest Publicly Available Content database</source><creator>Lo Giudice, Roberto</creator><creatorcontrib>Lo Giudice, Roberto</creatorcontrib><description>The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain suspended as aerosol. Moreover, it has been reported that infected subjects, both with and without clinical signs of COVID-19, can transmit the virus. Since the infection typically enters through mouth, nose, and eyes, dentistry is one of the medical practices at highest risk of infection due to the frequent production of aerosol and the constant presence of saliva. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested that only emergency/urgent procedures should be performed during the coronavirus outbreak. Considering the virus' route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). This protocol should be implemented by modifying both patient management and clinical practice, introducing particular devices and organizational practices. This paper aims to discuss and suggest the most appropriate procedures in every aspect of dental practice to reduce infection risk.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093067</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32354081</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject><![CDATA[Betacoronavirus ; Body temperature ; China - epidemiology ; Coronaviridae ; Coronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections - transmission ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Cross Infection - epidemiology ; Cross Infection - prevention & control ; Cross-infection ; Dentistry ; Disease control ; Disease Outbreaks - prevention & control ; Disease prevention ; Disease transmission ; Disinfection & disinfectants ; Droplets ; Dyspnea ; Emergency procedures ; Etiology ; Health risks ; Humans ; Humidity ; Infections ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional - prevention & control ; Medical equipment ; Medical supplies ; Pandemics ; Pathogens ; Patients ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral - prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral - transmission ; Practice Management, Dental ; Practice Patterns, Dentists ; Risk ; Risk management ; Saliva ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - epidemiology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - prevention & control ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - transmission ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; United States ; Viruses ; World Health Organization]]></subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020-05, Vol.17 (9), p.3067</ispartof><rights>2020. 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Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice</title><title>International journal of environmental research and public health</title><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><description>The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain suspended as aerosol. Moreover, it has been reported that infected subjects, both with and without clinical signs of COVID-19, can transmit the virus. Since the infection typically enters through mouth, nose, and eyes, dentistry is one of the medical practices at highest risk of infection due to the frequent production of aerosol and the constant presence of saliva. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested that only emergency/urgent procedures should be performed during the coronavirus outbreak. Considering the virus' route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). This protocol should be implemented by modifying both patient management and clinical practice, introducing particular devices and organizational practices. This paper aims to discuss and suggest the most appropriate procedures in every aspect of dental practice to reduce infection risk.</description><subject>Betacoronavirus</subject><subject>Body temperature</subject><subject>China - epidemiology</subject><subject>Coronaviridae</subject><subject>Coronavirus</subject><subject>Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control</subject><subject>Coronavirus Infections - transmission</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Cross Infection - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cross Infection - prevention & control</subject><subject>Cross-infection</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Disease Outbreaks - prevention & control</subject><subject>Disease prevention</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Disinfection & disinfectants</subject><subject>Droplets</subject><subject>Dyspnea</subject><subject>Emergency procedures</subject><subject>Etiology</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Humidity</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional - prevention & control</subject><subject>Medical equipment</subject><subject>Medical supplies</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pneumonia</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Viral - prevention & control</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Viral - transmission</subject><subject>Practice Management, Dental</subject><subject>Practice Patterns, Dentists</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Risk management</subject><subject>Saliva</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</subject><subject>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - epidemiology</subject><subject>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - prevention & control</subject><subject>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - transmission</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>World Health Organization</subject><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><issn>1660-4601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>COVID</sourceid><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkctvEzEQxi0EoqXlyhFZ4lIOm3ptrx8XpBAKVCqiSgpXy-udJA6769TejZRT_3VMX2o5zes3n2b0IfSuJBPGNDn1G4jbdSmJZkTIF-iwFIIUXJDy5ZP8AL1JaUMIU1zo1-iAUVZxospDdHO1BryAHUTAUzcOgOeQtj7aIcQ9Xuz7JoYO8CzE0Nudj2MqKD5ZTOeL3Ptd0I_Y9_gL9INPQ9xP8A_b2xV0uYHDEn_2oQ0r72yL5z79eWBzeRmtG7yDY_RqadsEb-_jEfr19exq9r24-PntfDa9KJwmfChqJmtLK6arJWsUrxWtS7DKaiGsc00jBNRScseB5YI2jRSycURqYStlpWZH6NOd7nasO2hcviLa1myj72zcm2C9eT7p_dqsws5IyoW6FTi5F4jheoQ0mM4nB21rewhjMpRpKRSRVGX0w3_oJoyxz-_dUozyirJMTe4oF0NKEZaPx5TE_PPWPPc2L7x_-sIj_mAm-wvBp6GA</recordid><startdate>20200501</startdate><enddate>20200501</enddate><creator>Lo Giudice, Roberto</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-709X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200501</creationdate><title>The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice</title><author>Lo Giudice, Roberto</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c904t-b37ba25395f3d84b82b1ea8a966accdd66eb774c4e3dd62dd767dc0796a58a793</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Betacoronavirus</topic><topic>Body temperature</topic><topic>China - epidemiology</topic><topic>Coronaviridae</topic><topic>Coronavirus</topic><topic>Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control</topic><topic>Coronavirus Infections - transmission</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Cross Infection - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cross Infection - prevention & control</topic><topic>Cross-infection</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>Disease control</topic><topic>Disease Outbreaks - prevention & control</topic><topic>Disease prevention</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Disinfection & disinfectants</topic><topic>Droplets</topic><topic>Dyspnea</topic><topic>Emergency procedures</topic><topic>Etiology</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Humidity</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional - prevention & control</topic><topic>Medical equipment</topic><topic>Medical supplies</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pneumonia</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Viral - prevention & control</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Viral - transmission</topic><topic>Practice Management, Dental</topic><topic>Practice Patterns, Dentists</topic><topic>Risk</topic><topic>Risk management</topic><topic>Saliva</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome</topic><topic>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - epidemiology</topic><topic>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - prevention & control</topic><topic>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - transmission</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>United States</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><topic>World Health Organization</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lo Giudice, Roberto</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Proquest)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database (Proquest)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Coronavirus Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest Publicly Available Content database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of environmental research and public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lo Giudice, Roberto</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice</atitle><jtitle>International journal of environmental research and public health</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><date>2020-05-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>3067</spage><pages>3067-</pages><issn>1660-4601</issn><issn>1661-7827</issn><eissn>1660-4601</eissn><abstract>The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain suspended as aerosol. Moreover, it has been reported that infected subjects, both with and without clinical signs of COVID-19, can transmit the virus. Since the infection typically enters through mouth, nose, and eyes, dentistry is one of the medical practices at highest risk of infection due to the frequent production of aerosol and the constant presence of saliva. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested that only emergency/urgent procedures should be performed during the coronavirus outbreak. Considering the virus' route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). This protocol should be implemented by modifying both patient management and clinical practice, introducing particular devices and organizational practices. 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subjects | Betacoronavirus Body temperature China - epidemiology Coronaviridae Coronavirus Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control Coronavirus Infections - transmission Coronaviruses COVID-19 Cross Infection - epidemiology Cross Infection - prevention & control Cross-infection Dentistry Disease control Disease Outbreaks - prevention & control Disease prevention Disease transmission Disinfection & disinfectants Droplets Dyspnea Emergency procedures Etiology Health risks Humans Humidity Infections Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional - prevention & control Medical equipment Medical supplies Pandemics Pathogens Patients Pneumonia Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology Pneumonia, Viral - prevention & control Pneumonia, Viral - transmission Practice Management, Dental Practice Patterns, Dentists Risk Risk management Saliva SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - epidemiology Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - prevention & control Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - transmission Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 United States Viruses World Health Organization |
title | The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice |
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