Adaptive Molecular Evolution of AKT3 Gene for Positive Diversifying Selection in Mammals

The V-Akt Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 3 (AKT3) gene is of the serine/threonine-protein kinase family and influences the production of milk fats and cholesterol by acting on the sterol administrative area restricting protein (SREBP). The AKT3 gene is highly preserved in animals, and during...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2020, Vol.2020 (2020), p.1-13
Main Authors: Abulaiti, Adili, Khan, Momen, Safdar, Muhammad, Ahmad, Zahoor, Ahmad, Muhammad Zulfiqar, Tingzhu, Ye, Schreurs, Nicola M., Bano, Iqra, Yang, Li Guo, Ahmad, Saeed, Salim, Mohammad, Talpur, Hira Sajjad, Rehman, Zia Ur, Hua, Guohua, Liang, Aixin, Hosseini, Seyed Mahdi, Ullah, Farman, Kakar, Ihsan Ullah
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AKT protein
Amino acids
Analysis
Animal lactation
Animals
Arginine
Breastfeeding & lactation
Breeding
Cattle - genetics
Cholesterol
Codon
Datasets
Digestive system
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary biology
Fats
Gene banks
Gene expression
Genes
Homology
Humans
Hypotheses
Hypothesis testing
Immune system
Immunology
Kinases
Lactation
Leucine
Lysine
Mammals
Mammals - genetics
Mammary gland
Mammary glands
Milk
Molecular evolution
Mutation
Pelodiscus sinensis
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Proline
Protein Interaction Maps - genetics
Protein kinase
Protein kinases
Proteins
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - chemistry
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - classification
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - genetics
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism
Selection, Genetic - genetics
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein
Threonine
Thymoma
Wildlife conservation
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Summary:The V-Akt Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 3 (AKT3) gene is of the serine/threonine-protein kinase family and influences the production of milk fats and cholesterol by acting on the sterol administrative area restricting protein (SREBP). The AKT3 gene is highly preserved in animals, and during lactation in cattle, its expression increases. The AKT3 gene is expressed in the digestive system, mammary gland, and immune cells. A phylogenetic investigation was performed to clarify the evolutionary role of AKT3, by maximum probability. The AKT3 gene sequence data of various mammalian species was evident even with animals undergoing breeding selection. From 39 mammalian species studied, there was a signal of positive diversifying selection with Hominidae at 13Q, 16G, 23R, 24P, 121P, 294K, 327V, 376L, 397K, 445T, and 471F among other codon sites of the AKT3 gene. These sites were codes for amino acids such as arginine, proline, lysine, and leucine indicating major roles for the function of immunological proteins, and in particular, the study highlighted the importance of changes in gene expression of AKT3 on immunity.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2020/2584627