In Situ Regulated Dopamine Transporter Trafficking: There’s No Place Like Home

Dopamine (DA) is critical for motivation, reward, movement initiation, and learning. Mechanisms that control DA signaling have a profound impact on these important behaviors, and additionally play a role in DA-related neuropathologies. The presynaptic SLC6 DA transporter (DAT) limits extracellular D...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neurochemical research 2020-06, Vol.45 (6), p.1335-1343
Main Authors: Fagan, Rita R., Kearney, Patrick J., Melikian, Haley E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain - metabolism
Cell Biology
Dopamine
Dopamine - metabolism
Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - metabolism
Dopamine transporter
GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - metabolism
Humans
Motivation
Neurochemistry
Neurology
Neurosciences
Original Paper
Protein Transport - physiology
Reinforcement
Signal Transduction - physiology
Signaling
Trafficking
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Summary:Dopamine (DA) is critical for motivation, reward, movement initiation, and learning. Mechanisms that control DA signaling have a profound impact on these important behaviors, and additionally play a role in DA-related neuropathologies. The presynaptic SLC6 DA transporter (DAT) limits extracellular DA levels by clearing released DA, and is potently inhibited by addictive and therapeutic psychostimulants. Decades of evidence support that the DAT is subject to acute regulation by a number of signaling pathways, and that endocytic trafficking strongly regulates DAT availability and function. DAT trafficking studies have been performed in a variety of model systems, including both in vitro and ex vivo preparations. In this review, we focus on the breadth of DAT trafficking studies, with specific attention to, and comparison of, how context may influence DAT’s response to different stimuli. In particular, this overview highlights that stimulated DAT trafficking not only differs between in vitro and ex vivo environments, but also is influenced by both sex and anatomical subregions.
ISSN:0364-3190
1573-6903
DOI:10.1007/s11064-020-03001-6