Changing Contact Patterns Over Disease Progression: Nipah Virus as a Case Study

Abstract Contact patterns play a key role in disease transmission, and variation in contacts during the course of illness can influence transmission, particularly when accompanied by changes in host infectiousness. We used surveys among 1642 contacts of 94 Nipah virus case patients in Bangladesh to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2020-08, Vol.222 (3), p.438-442
Main Authors: Lee, Kyu Han, Nikolay, Birgit, Sazzad, Hossain M S, Hossain, M Jahangir, Khan, A K M Dawlat, Rahman, Mahmudur, Satter, Syed Moinuddin, Nichol, Stuart T, Klena, John D, Pulliam, Juliet R C, Kilpatrick, A Marm, Sultana, Sharmin, Afroj, Sayma, Daszak, Peter, Luby, Stephen, Cauchemez, Simon, Salje, Henrik, Gurley, Emily S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Bangladesh - epidemiology
Body Fluids - virology
Case reports
Contact Tracing - statistics & numerical data
Disease Progression
Disease transmission
Disease Transmission, Infectious - prevention & control
Epidemiology
Female
Henipavirus Infections - epidemiology
Henipavirus Infections - prevention & control
Henipavirus Infections - transmission
Humans
Life Sciences
Major and Brief Reports
Male
Middle Aged
Nipah Virus
Pathology
Risk Factors
Social Behavior
Viral infections
Young Adult
Zoonoses
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Summary:Abstract Contact patterns play a key role in disease transmission, and variation in contacts during the course of illness can influence transmission, particularly when accompanied by changes in host infectiousness. We used surveys among 1642 contacts of 94 Nipah virus case patients in Bangladesh to determine how contact patterns (physical and with bodily fluids) changed as disease progressed in severity. The number of contacts increased with severity and, for case patients who died, peaked on the day of death. Given transmission has only been observed among fatal cases of Nipah virus infection, our findings suggest that changes in contact patterns during illness contribute to risk of infection. We examined whether contact patterns change as disease progresses. For Nipah virus case patients identified between 2010 and 2014 in Bangladesh, the number of contacts increased with disease severity and, for patients who died, peaked on the day of death.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiaa091