Infectivity, virulence, pathogenicity, host-pathogen interactions of SARS and SARS-CoV-2 in experimental animals: a systematic review

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 in mainland China with subsequent human to human transmission worldwide had taken up the shape of a devastating pandemic. The ability of the virus to infect multiple species other than humans has currently been reported in experimental conditions. Non-human primates, f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary research communications 2020-11, Vol.44 (3-4), p.101-110
Main Authors: Sarkar, Jayanta, Guha, Rajdeep
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Betacoronavirus - pathogenicity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Callithrix - virology
Cats - virology
Chickens - virology
Chiroptera - virology
Chlorocebus aethiops - virology
Coronavirus Infections - transmission
Coronavirus Infections - veterinary
Coronavirus Infections - virology
COVID-19
Cricetinae - virology
Ferrets - virology
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Life Sciences
Macaca fascicularis - virology
Macaca mulatta - virology
Mice
Mice, Inbred Strains - virology
Pandemics - veterinary
Pneumonia, Viral - transmission
Pneumonia, Viral - veterinary
Pneumonia, Viral - virology
Review
Review Article
Rodentia - virology
SARS Virus - pathogenicity
SARS-CoV-2
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - transmission
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - veterinary
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - virology
Swine - virology
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Zoology
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Summary:The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 in mainland China with subsequent human to human transmission worldwide had taken up the shape of a devastating pandemic. The ability of the virus to infect multiple species other than humans has currently been reported in experimental conditions. Non-human primates, felines, ferrets, rodents and host of other animals could previously be infected in experimental conditions with SARS-CoV and recently with SARS-CoV-2, both virus using Angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 receptor for cellular entry. The variations in sequence homology of ACE2 receptor across species is identified as one of the factors determining virulence and pathogenicity in animals. The infection in experimental animals with SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 on most occasions are asymptomatic, however, the virus could multiply within the respiratory tract and extra-pulmonary organs in most of the species. Here, we discuss about the pathogenicity, transmission, variations in angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 receptor-binding across species and host pathogen interactions of SARS and SARS-CoV-2 in laboratory animals used in research.
ISSN:0165-7380
1573-7446
DOI:10.1007/s11259-020-09778-9