Interleukins 4 and 13 and Their Receptors Are Differently Expressed in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers, Depending on the Anatomical Site and Disease Advancement, and Improve Colon Cancer Cell Viability and Motility

Immunosuppressive interleukins (IL)-4 and 13 may directly promote cancer but neither their status nor role in gastrointestinal tract is clarified. We aim at quantifying ILs and their receptors in paired normal-tumor samples ( = 49/51) and sera ( = 263), using immunoassays and RTqPCR, and screening f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2020-06, Vol.12 (6), p.1463
Main Authors: Bednarz-Misa, Iwona, Diakowska, Dorota, Szczuka, Izabela, Fortuna, Paulina, Kubiak, Agnieszka, Rosińczuk, Joanna, Krzystek-Korpacka, Małgorzata
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Cancer therapies
Cell viability
Chemotherapy
Colon cancer
Cytokines
Esophagus
Gastrointestinal tract
Hypoxia
Interleukin 1
Interleukin 13
Interleukin 4
Lymphatic system
Metastasis
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
Motility
Proteins
Tumors
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Summary:Immunosuppressive interleukins (IL)-4 and 13 may directly promote cancer but neither their status nor role in gastrointestinal tract is clarified. We aim at quantifying ILs and their receptors in paired normal-tumor samples ( = 49/51) and sera ( = 263), using immunoassays and RTqPCR, and screening for their effect on colonic cancer cells. Both ILs were elevated locally at protein level in all cancers but only transcripts in colon were upregulated. Interleukin and their receptor expression reflected cancer pathology to varying degrees, with the association frequently inverse and manifested in non-cancerous tissue. Positive correlation with cancer-promoting genes , , , , , , , and , but not , was demonstrated, particularly for ILs' receptors. Circulating IL-4 was elevated in all, while IL-13 only in colorectal or esophageal cancers, reflecting their advancement. and transcripts were downregulated by hypoxia and, in Caco-2, also by IL-4. Interleukin stimulation slightly improved colonic cancer cell viability, weakly upregulating and in HCT116 and HT-29. It affected cell motility more markedly and was consistently accompanied by upregulation of claudin-2. Gastrointestinal tract cancers are associated with IL-4 and IL-13 upregulation, which may facilitate cancer growth. Targeting both interleukins as an antineoplastic strategy warrants further investigation.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers12061463