Functional heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells from natural niches to culture conditions: implications for further clinical uses

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are present in all organs and tissues. Several studies have shown the therapeutic potential effect of MSC or their derived products. However, the functional heterogeneity of MSC constitutes an important barrier for transferring these capabilities to the clinic. MSC heter...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2021-01, Vol.78 (2), p.447-467
Main Authors: Costa, Luis A., Eiro, Noemi, Fraile, María, Gonzalez, Luis O., Saá, Jorge, Garcia-Portabella, Pablo, Vega, Belén, Schneider, José, Vizoso, Francisco J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
Cell culture
Cell Culture Techniques - methods
Extracellular matrix
Heterogeneity
Humans
Inflammation
Information processing
Life Sciences
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation - methods
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - metabolism
Organs
Phenotypes
Regenerative Medicine - methods
Review
Stem Cell Niche
Stem cells
Substrates
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Summary:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are present in all organs and tissues. Several studies have shown the therapeutic potential effect of MSC or their derived products. However, the functional heterogeneity of MSC constitutes an important barrier for transferring these capabilities to the clinic. MSC heterogeneity depends on their origin (biological niche) or the conditions of potential donors (age, diseases or unknown factors). It is accepted that many culture conditions of the artificial niche to which they are subjected, such as O 2 tension, substrate and extracellular matrix cues, inflammatory stimuli or genetic manipulations can influence their resulting phenotype. Therefore, to attain a more personalized and precise medicine, a correct selection of MSC is mandatory, based on their functional potential, as well as the need to integrate all the existing information to achieve an optimal improvement of MSC features in the artificial niche.
ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-020-03600-0