Multiobjective Sizing of an Autonomous Hybrid Microgrid Using a Multimodal Delayed PSO Algorithm: A Case Study of a Fishing Village

• Published in: Computational intelligence and neuroscience 2020, Vol.2020 (2020), p.1-18
• Main Authors: Raoufi, Mustapha, Gharnati, Fatima, Jalal, Muhammad Ali, Mouachi, Raja
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Alternative energy sources; Analysis; Batteries; Case studies; Diesel generators; Distributed generation; Electric generators; Electricity; Energy management; Energy storage; Energy utilization; Fishing; Heuristic methods; Hybrid systems; Industrial plant emissions; Linear programming; Mathematical optimization; Multiple objective analysis; Operating costs; Optimization techniques; Particle swarm optimization; Photovoltaic cells; Pollutants; Power flow; Renewable energy; Sensitivity analysis; Sizing; Storage systems; Villages; Wind power; Wind turbines
• ISSN: 1687-5265; 1687-5273
• DOI: 10.1155/2020/8894094

Renewable energy (RE) systems play a key role in producing electricity worldwide. The integration of RE systems is carried out in a distributed aspect via an autonomous hybrid microgrid (A-HMG) system. The A-HMG concept provides a series of technological solutions that must be managed optimally. As a solution, this paper focuses on the application of a recent nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithm named a multimodal delayed particle swarm optimization (MDPSO). The proposed algorithm is applied to an A-HMG to find the minimum levelized cost of energy (LCOE), the lowest loss of power supply probability (LPSP), and the maximum renewable factor (REF). Firstly, a smart energy management scheme (SEMS) is proposed to coordinate the power flow among the various system components that formed the A-HMG. Then, the MDPSO is integrated with the SEMS to perform the optimal sizing for the A-HMG of a fishing village that is located in the coastal city of Essaouira, Morocco. The proposed A-HMG comprises photovoltaic panels (PV), wind turbines (WTs), battery storage systems, and diesel generators (DGs). The results of the optimization in this location show that A-HMG system can be applied for this location with a high renewable factor that is equal to 90%. Moreover, the solution is very promising in terms of the LCOE and the LPSP indexes that are equal to 0.17$/kWh and 0.12%, respectively. Therefore, using renewable energy can be considered as a good alternative to enhance energy access in remote areas as the fishing village in the city of Essaouira, Morocco. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is applied to highlight the impact of varying each energy source in terms of the LCOE index.