A Case Series on Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations: A Life-Threatening Emergency in Young Women

Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare condition, with few cases reported in the literature. Despite being rare, it is a potentially life-threatening condition in women of child-bearing age. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of prolonged or irregular vaginal bleeding,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2020-07, Vol.12 (7), p.e9410
Main Authors: Hammad, Rabia, Nausheen, Sidrah, Malik, Mumtaz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Case reports
Congenital diseases
Disease
Embolization
Endometrium
Family medical history
Gynecology
Hemoglobin
Histopathology
Magnetic resonance imaging
Miscarriage
Obstetrics/Gynecology
Polyvinyl alcohol
Pregnancy
Radiology
Ultrasonic imaging
Uterus
Vagina
Veins & arteries
Womens health
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Summary:Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare condition, with few cases reported in the literature. Despite being rare, it is a potentially life-threatening condition in women of child-bearing age. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of prolonged or irregular vaginal bleeding, which, otherwise, can lead to critical complications ending up in severe morbidity and mortality. This case series describes four cases of young Asian women aged between 33 and 38 years who presented with irregular vaginal bleeding. Trans-abdominal ultrasound of the pelvis showed increased vascularity with multi-directional blood flow in the uterus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed an arteriovenous malformation in all cases. All cases remained stable through the diagnostic journey. Embolization of the arteriovenous malformation was performed successfully in three cases and one case was managed conservatively on hormones. Later, two of them conceived within a year and had live births at term. The aim of reporting these cases is to share the common presentation of this condition and our experience in making the diagnosis and treatment of such patients. Although a few cases are reported world over, none was reported earlier from Pakistani Asian women.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.9410