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Where Did SARS-CoV-2 Come From?
Abstract Identifying the origin of SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, may help us to avoid future epidemics of coronavirus and other zoonoses. Several theories about the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 have recently been proposed. Although Betacoronavirus found in Rhin...
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| Published in: | Molecular Biology and Evolution 2020-09, Vol.37 (9), p.2463-2464 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Language: | English |
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| container_end_page | 2464 |
| container_issue | 9 |
| container_start_page | 2463 |
| container_title | Molecular Biology and Evolution |
| container_volume | 37 |
| creator | Leitner, Thomas Kumar, Sudhir |
| description | Abstract
Identifying the origin of SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, may help us to avoid future epidemics of coronavirus and other zoonoses. Several theories about the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 have recently been proposed. Although Betacoronavirus found in Rhinolophus bats from China have been broadly implicated, their genetic dissimilarity to SARS-CoV-2 is so high that they are highly unlikely to be its direct ancestors. Thus, an intermediary host is suspected to link bat to human coronaviruses. Based on genomic CpG dinucleotide patterns in different coronaviruses from different hosts, it was suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might have evolved in a canid gastrointestinal tract prior to transmission to humans. However, similar CpG patterns are now reported in coronaviruses from other hosts, including bats themselves and pangolins. Therefore, reduced genomic CpG alone is not a highly predictive biomarker, suggesting a need for additional biomarkers to reveal intermediate hosts or tissues. The hunt for the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 continues. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/molbev/msaa162 |
| format | article |
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Identifying the origin of SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, may help us to avoid future epidemics of coronavirus and other zoonoses. Several theories about the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 have recently been proposed. Although Betacoronavirus found in Rhinolophus bats from China have been broadly implicated, their genetic dissimilarity to SARS-CoV-2 is so high that they are highly unlikely to be its direct ancestors. Thus, an intermediary host is suspected to link bat to human coronaviruses. Based on genomic CpG dinucleotide patterns in different coronaviruses from different hosts, it was suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might have evolved in a canid gastrointestinal tract prior to transmission to humans. However, similar CpG patterns are now reported in coronaviruses from other hosts, including bats themselves and pangolins. Therefore, reduced genomic CpG alone is not a highly predictive biomarker, suggesting a need for additional biomarkers to reveal intermediate hosts or tissues. The hunt for the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 continues.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0737-4038</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-1719</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa162</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32893295</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Animals ; Betacoronavirus - classification ; Betacoronavirus - genetics ; Betacoronavirus - pathogenicity ; Chiroptera - virology ; Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections - transmission ; Coronavirus Infections - virology ; COVID-19 ; CpG Islands ; Eutheria - virology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Expression ; Genome, Viral ; Mutation ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral - transmission ; Pneumonia, Viral - virology ; Reassortant Viruses - classification ; Reassortant Viruses - genetics ; Reassortant Viruses - pathogenicity ; Recombination, Genetic ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Viral Proteins - genetics ; Viral Proteins - metabolism ; Zoonoses - epidemiology ; Zoonoses - transmission ; Zoonoses - virology</subject><ispartof>Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2020-09, Vol.37 (9), p.2463-2464</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><rights>2020. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the associated terms available at https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/coronavirus .</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c452t-de95705adf5e8566b7f6ec52dc12c5547691006eb8fc7c39c080a56b383256283</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c452t-de95705adf5e8566b7f6ec52dc12c5547691006eb8fc7c39c080a56b383256283</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7454771/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2420176100?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,1604,27924,27925,38516,43895,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2420176100?pq-origsite=primo$$EView_record_in_ProQuest$$FView_record_in_$$GProQuest</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32893295$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Rowe</contributor><creatorcontrib>Leitner, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Sudhir</creatorcontrib><title>Where Did SARS-CoV-2 Come From?</title><title>Molecular Biology and Evolution</title><addtitle>Mol Biol Evol</addtitle><description>Abstract
Identifying the origin of SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, may help us to avoid future epidemics of coronavirus and other zoonoses. Several theories about the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 have recently been proposed. Although Betacoronavirus found in Rhinolophus bats from China have been broadly implicated, their genetic dissimilarity to SARS-CoV-2 is so high that they are highly unlikely to be its direct ancestors. Thus, an intermediary host is suspected to link bat to human coronaviruses. Based on genomic CpG dinucleotide patterns in different coronaviruses from different hosts, it was suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might have evolved in a canid gastrointestinal tract prior to transmission to humans. However, similar CpG patterns are now reported in coronaviruses from other hosts, including bats themselves and pangolins. Therefore, reduced genomic CpG alone is not a highly predictive biomarker, suggesting a need for additional biomarkers to reveal intermediate hosts or tissues. The hunt for the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 continues.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Betacoronavirus - classification</subject><subject>Betacoronavirus - genetics</subject><subject>Betacoronavirus - pathogenicity</subject><subject>Chiroptera - virology</subject><subject>Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Coronavirus Infections - transmission</subject><subject>Coronavirus Infections - virology</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>CpG Islands</subject><subject>Eutheria - virology</subject><subject>Evolution, Molecular</subject><subject>Gene Expression</subject><subject>Genome, Viral</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Viral - transmission</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Viral - virology</subject><subject>Reassortant Viruses - classification</subject><subject>Reassortant Viruses - genetics</subject><subject>Reassortant Viruses - pathogenicity</subject><subject>Recombination, Genetic</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2</subject><subject>Viral Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Viral Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Zoonoses - epidemiology</subject><subject>Zoonoses - transmission</subject><subject>Zoonoses - virology</subject><issn>0737-4038</issn><issn>1537-1719</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>COVID</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1Lw0AQhhdRbK1ePWrAix7S7vcmF6VUq0JBsH4cl81mY1OSbN1tCv57V1qLevE0A_PMw8wLwDGCfQRTMqhtlZnVoPZKIY53QBcxImIkULoLulCEnkKSdMCB93MIEaWc74MOwUlKcMq64PR1ZpyJrss8mg4fp_HIvsQ4GtnaRGNn66tDsFeoypujTe2B5_HN0-gunjzc3o-Gk1hThpdxblImIFN5wUzCOM9EwY1mONcIa8ao4CmCkJssKbTQJNUwgYrxjCQEM44T0gOXa--izWqTa9MsnarkwpW1ch_SqlL-njTlTL7ZlRQ02AUKgvONwNn31vilrEuvTVWpxtjWS0wp5JxTRgJ69ged29Y14b1AYYgED7cGqr-mtLPeO1Nsj0FQfmUv19nLTfZh4eTnC1v8O-wAXKwB2y7-k30C5i6MrA</recordid><startdate>20200901</startdate><enddate>20200901</enddate><creator>Leitner, Thomas</creator><creator>Kumar, Sudhir</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200901</creationdate><title>Where Did SARS-CoV-2 Come From?</title><author>Leitner, Thomas ; Kumar, Sudhir</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c452t-de95705adf5e8566b7f6ec52dc12c5547691006eb8fc7c39c080a56b383256283</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Betacoronavirus - classification</topic><topic>Betacoronavirus - genetics</topic><topic>Betacoronavirus - pathogenicity</topic><topic>Chiroptera - virology</topic><topic>Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Coronavirus Infections - transmission</topic><topic>Coronavirus Infections - virology</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>CpG Islands</topic><topic>Eutheria - virology</topic><topic>Evolution, Molecular</topic><topic>Gene Expression</topic><topic>Genome, Viral</topic><topic>Mutation</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Viral - transmission</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Viral - virology</topic><topic>Reassortant Viruses - classification</topic><topic>Reassortant Viruses - genetics</topic><topic>Reassortant Viruses - pathogenicity</topic><topic>Recombination, Genetic</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2</topic><topic>Viral Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Viral Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Zoonoses - epidemiology</topic><topic>Zoonoses - transmission</topic><topic>Zoonoses - virology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Leitner, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Sudhir</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Coronavirus Research Database</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Molecular Biology and Evolution</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Leitner, Thomas</au><au>Kumar, Sudhir</au><au>Rowe</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Where Did SARS-CoV-2 Come From?</atitle><jtitle>Molecular Biology and Evolution</jtitle><addtitle>Mol Biol Evol</addtitle><date>2020-09-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>2463</spage><epage>2464</epage><pages>2463-2464</pages><issn>0737-4038</issn><eissn>1537-1719</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Identifying the origin of SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, may help us to avoid future epidemics of coronavirus and other zoonoses. Several theories about the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 have recently been proposed. Although Betacoronavirus found in Rhinolophus bats from China have been broadly implicated, their genetic dissimilarity to SARS-CoV-2 is so high that they are highly unlikely to be its direct ancestors. Thus, an intermediary host is suspected to link bat to human coronaviruses. Based on genomic CpG dinucleotide patterns in different coronaviruses from different hosts, it was suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might have evolved in a canid gastrointestinal tract prior to transmission to humans. However, similar CpG patterns are now reported in coronaviruses from other hosts, including bats themselves and pangolins. Therefore, reduced genomic CpG alone is not a highly predictive biomarker, suggesting a need for additional biomarkers to reveal intermediate hosts or tissues. The hunt for the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 continues.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>32893295</pmid><doi>10.1093/molbev/msaa162</doi><tpages>2</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2020-09, Vol.37 (9), p.2463-2464 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Coronavirus Research Database |
| subjects | Animals Betacoronavirus - classification Betacoronavirus - genetics Betacoronavirus - pathogenicity Chiroptera - virology Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology Coronavirus Infections - transmission Coronavirus Infections - virology COVID-19 CpG Islands Eutheria - virology Evolution, Molecular Gene Expression Genome, Viral Mutation Pandemics Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology Pneumonia, Viral - transmission Pneumonia, Viral - virology Reassortant Viruses - classification Reassortant Viruses - genetics Reassortant Viruses - pathogenicity Recombination, Genetic SARS-CoV-2 Viral Proteins - genetics Viral Proteins - metabolism Zoonoses - epidemiology Zoonoses - transmission Zoonoses - virology |
| title | Where Did SARS-CoV-2 Come From? |
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