Effect of Triclosan Exposure on Developmental Competence in Parthenogenetic Porcine Embryo during Preimplantation

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2020-08, Vol.21 (16), p.5790
• Main Authors: Kim, Min Ju, Park, Hyo-Jin, Lee, Sanghoon, Kang, Hyo-Gu, Jeong, Pil-Soo, Park, Soo Hyun, Park, Young-Ho, Lee, Jong-Hee, Lim, Kyung Seob, Lee, Seung Hwan, Sim, Bo-Woong, Kim, Sun-Uk, Cho, Seong-Keun, Koo, Deog-Bon, Song, Bong-Seok
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antimicrobial activity; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Bisphenol A; Blastocyst - drug effects; Blastomeres; Blastomeres - drug effects; Cell culture; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cleavage; DNA damage; Embryo, Mammalian - drug effects; Embryogenesis; Embryonic Development - drug effects; Embryos; Exposure; Membrane potential; Mitochondria; Mitochondria - drug effects; Mitochondria - metabolism; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Parthenogenesis - drug effects; Quality; Reaction kinetics; Reactive oxygen species; Reproductive system; Swine - embryology; Thyroid gland; Toothpaste; Triclosan; Triclosan - toxicity
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165790

Triclosan (TCS) is included in various healthcare products because of its antimicrobial activity; therefore, many humans are exposed to TCS daily. While detrimental effects of TCS exposure have been reported in various species and cell types, the effects of TCS exposure on early embryonic development are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if TCS exerts toxic effects during early embryonic development using porcine parthenogenetic embryos in vitro. Porcine parthenogenetic embryos were cultured in in vitro culture medium with 50 or 100 µM TCS for 6 days. Developmental parameters including cleavage and blastocyst formation rates, developmental kinetics, and the number of blastomeres were assessed. To determine the toxic effects of TCS, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction were assessed. TCS exposure resulted in a significant decrease in 2-cell rate and blastocyst formation rate, as well as number of blastomeres, but not in the cleavage rate. TCS also increased the number of apoptotic blastomeres and the production of reactive oxygen species. Finally, TCS treatment resulted in a diffuse distribution of mitochondria and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Our results showed that TCS exposure impaired porcine early embryonic development by inducing DNA damage, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction.