Role of Chemokines in the Biology of Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a heterogeneous tumor with poor prognosis, can arise at any level in the biliary tree. It may derive from epithelial cells in the biliary tracts and peribiliary glands and possibly from progenitor cells or even hepatocytes. Several risk factors are responsible for CCA onset...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2020-08, Vol.12 (8), p.2215
Main Authors: Caligiuri, Alessandra, Pastore, Mirella, Lori, Giulia, Raggi, Chiara, Di Maira, Giovanni, Marra, Fabio, Gentilini, Alessandra
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Cancer
Chemokines
Cholangiocarcinoma
Cytokines
Epithelial cells
Fibroblasts
Glands
Growth factors
Health aspects
Hepatocytes
Homeostasis
Immune response
Inflammation
Ligands
Lymphocytes
Medical prognosis
Metastases
Neutrophils
Progenitor cells
Proteins
Review
Risk factors
Stem cells
Tumors
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Summary:Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a heterogeneous tumor with poor prognosis, can arise at any level in the biliary tree. It may derive from epithelial cells in the biliary tracts and peribiliary glands and possibly from progenitor cells or even hepatocytes. Several risk factors are responsible for CCA onset, however an inflammatory milieu nearby the biliary tree represents the most common condition favoring CCA development. Chemokines play a key role in driving the immunological response upon liver injury and may sustain tumor initiation and development. Chemokine receptor-dependent pathways influence the interplay among various cellular components, resulting in remodeling of the hepatic microenvironment towards a pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrogenic, pro-angiogenic and pre-neoplastic setting. Moreover, once tumor develops, chemokine signaling may influence its progression. Here we review the role of chemokines in the regulation of CCA development and progression, and the modulation of angiogenesis, metastasis and immune control. The potential role of chemokines and their receptors as possible biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for hepatobiliary cancer is also discussed.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers12082215