MicroRNAs from Liquid Biopsy Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Recent Advances in Detection and Characterization Methods

Liquid biopsies have become a convenient tool in cancer diagnostics, real-time disease monitoring, and evaluation of residual disease. Yet, the information still encrypted in the variety of tumor-derived molecules identified in biofluids has proven difficult to decipher due to the technological limi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2020-07, Vol.12 (8), p.2009
Main Authors: Drula, Rares, Ott, Leonie Florence, Berindan-Neagoe, Ioana, Pantel, Klaus, Calin, George A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Biopsy
Communication
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA methylation
Efficiency
Extracellular vesicles
Health aspects
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Mitochondrial DNA
Non-coding RNA
Patient outcomes
Plasma
Prostate cancer
Proteins
Review
Reviews
Studies
Urine
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Summary:Liquid biopsies have become a convenient tool in cancer diagnostics, real-time disease monitoring, and evaluation of residual disease. Yet, the information still encrypted in the variety of tumor-derived molecules identified in biofluids has proven difficult to decipher due to the technological limitations imposed by their biological nature. Such is the case of extracellular vesicle (EV) encapsulated ncRNAs, which have gained traction in recent years as biomarkers. Due to their resilience towards degrading factors they may act as suitable disease indicators. This review addresses the less described issues in this context. We present an overview of less investigated biofluids that can be used for EV isolation in addition to different isolation approaches to overcome the technical challenges these specimens harbor. Furthermore, we summarize the latest technological advances providing improvement to ncRNA detection and analysis. Thereby, this review summarizes the current state-of-the-art methodologies regarding EV and EV derived miRNA analysis and how they compare to current approaches.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers12082009