Obesity and cardiovascular disease in women

As the prevalence of obesity continues to grow worldwide, the health and financial burden of obesity-related comorbidities grows too. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is clearly associated with increased adiposity. Importantly, women are at higher risk of CVD when obese and insulin resistant, in particu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International Journal of Obesity 2020-06, Vol.44 (6), p.1210-1226
Main Authors: Manrique-Acevedo, Camila, Chinnakotla, Bhavana, Padilla, Jaume, Martinez-Lemus, Luis A., Gozal, David
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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692/699/75
Adipose tissue
Aldosterone
Androgens
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Comorbidity
Congestive heart failure
Coronary artery disease
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes, Gestational
Epidemiology
Female
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Heart diseases
Humans
Insulin
Insulin Resistance
Internal Medicine
Ischemia
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Menopause
Metabolic Diseases
Obesity
Obesity - epidemiology
Pre-Eclampsia
Pregnancy
Pregnant women
Prevalence
Public Health
Receptor mechanisms
Review Article
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Type 2 diabetes
Weight Gain
Womens health
Xenoestrogens
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Summary:As the prevalence of obesity continues to grow worldwide, the health and financial burden of obesity-related comorbidities grows too. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is clearly associated with increased adiposity. Importantly, women are at higher risk of CVD when obese and insulin resistant, in particular at higher risk of developing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and ischemic heart disease. Increased aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptor activation, aberrant estrogenic signaling and elevated levels of androgens are among some of the proposed mechanisms explaining the heightened CVD risk. In addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, understanding nontraditional risk factors specific to women, like excess weight gain during pregnancy, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and menopause are central to designing personalized interventions aimed to curb the epidemic of CVD. In the present review, we examine the available evidence supporting a differential cardiovascular impact of increased adiposity in women compared with men and the proposed pathophysiological mechanisms behind these differences. We also discuss women-specific cardiovascular risk factors associated with obesity and insulin resistance.
ISSN:0307-0565
1476-5497
DOI:10.1038/s41366-020-0548-0