Osteogenic differentiation and inflammatory response of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‑2 in human maxillary sinus membrane‑derived cells

• Published in: Experimental and therapeutic medicine 2020-11, Vol.20 (5), p.1-1
• Main Authors: Chun, Jeewan, Jung, Junho, Lee, Jae-Hyung, Oh, Sang-Hwan, Kwon, Yong-Dae
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Antibodies; Biotechnology; Bone morphogenetic proteins; Cell adhesion & migration; Ethanol; Fibroblasts; Flow cytometry; Gene expression; Immunohistochemistry; Inflammation; Kinases; Pharmaceutical industry; Proteins; Scientific equipment industry; Sinuses; Stem cells; Transcription factors
• ISSN: 1792-0981; 1792-1015
• DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9208

The aim of the present study was to investigate the osteogenic potential of human maxillary sinus membrane (hMSM)-derived cells, and the role of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in the inflammatory response of hMSM-derived cells and gingival fibroblasts following sinus floor elevation procedure (SFE). hMSM-derived cells from the samples were isolated, subcultured, and analyzed using immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry. The hMSM-derived cells obtained from passage 6 were used for Alizarin Red staining and quantitative reverse transcription-quantitative PCR to observe its osteogenic activity and inflammatory reaction upon supplementation with rhBMP-2. The hMSM-derived cells were shown to be heterogeneous, as indicated by their positive expression of human mesenchymal stem cell markers (STRO-1, high mobility group AT-hook 2, CD44, CD105 and OCT-3/4), fibroblast cell marker (fibroblast-specific protein 1) and epithelial cell marker (epithelial cell adhesion molecule). Calcium nodules were found to be more notably evident in the rhBMP-2 group, following osteogenic differentiation. The gene expression of osteogenic markers was significantly upregulated in the cells supplemented with rhBMP-2. Supplementation with rhBMP-2 also enhanced the expression of inflammatory markers in hMSM-derived cells and gingival fibroblasts; however, NF-[kappa]B and TNF-[alpha] expression was not significantly increased compared with the control in the hMSM-derived cells. hMSM contains mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) capable of differentiating into osteogenic cells. The supplementation of rhBMP-2 enhanced osteogenic differentiation and induced an inflammatory response which was greater in gingival fibroblasts compared with hMSM-derived cells. In summary, the hMSM is a potential contributor to the osteogenic process following SFE, and the use of rhBMP-2 may increase the inflammatory response accordingly. The gingival tissue may be responsible for the increased inflammatory response by rhBMP-2 and postoperative complications. Key words: maxillary sinus, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2, mesenchymal stem cells, osteogenic potential, inflammation