Conventional pulse transit times as markers of blood pressure changes in humans

Pulse transit time (PTT) represents a potential approach for cuff-less blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Conventionally, PTT is determined by (1) measuring (a) ECG and ear, finger, or toe PPG waveforms or (b) two of these PPG waveforms and (2) detecting the time delay between the waveforms. The conven...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2020-10, Vol.10 (1), p.16373-16373, Article 16373
Main Authors: Block, Robert C., Yavarimanesh, Mohammad, Natarajan, Keerthana, Carek, Andrew, Mousavi, Azin, Chandrasekhar, Anand, Kim, Chang-Sei, Zhu, Junxi, Schifitto, Giovanni, Mestha, Lalit K., Inan, Omer T., Hahn, Jin-Oh, Mukkamala, Ramakrishna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
692/4019
692/499
Biomarkers - metabolism
Blood pressure
Blood Pressure - physiology
Blood Pressure Determination - methods
Ear
Electrocardiography - methods
Feet
Female
Finger
Fingers - physiology
Heart Rate - physiology
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Monitoring, Physiologic - methods
multidisciplinary
Nitroglycerin
Photoplethysmography - methods
Pulse Wave Analysis - methods
Respiratory Rate - physiology
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Timing
Toe
Variance analysis
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Summary:Pulse transit time (PTT) represents a potential approach for cuff-less blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Conventionally, PTT is determined by (1) measuring (a) ECG and ear, finger, or toe PPG waveforms or (b) two of these PPG waveforms and (2) detecting the time delay between the waveforms. The conventional PTTs (cPTTs) were compared in terms of correlation with BP in humans. Thirty-two volunteers [50% female; 52 (17) (mean (SD)) years; 25% hypertensive] were studied. The four waveforms and manual cuff BP were recorded before and after slow breathing, mental arithmetic, cold pressor, and sublingual nitroglycerin. Six cPTTs were detected as the time delays between the ECG R-wave and ear PPG foot, R-wave and finger PPG foot [finger pulse arrival time (PAT)], R-wave and toe PPG foot (toe PAT), ear and finger PPG feet, ear and toe PPG feet, and finger and toe PPG feet. These time delays were also detected via PPG peaks. The best correlation by a substantial extent was between toe PAT via the PPG foot and systolic BP [− 0.63 ± 0.05 (mean ± SE); p 
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-73143-8