COVID-19 Vaccine Frontrunners and Their Nanotechnology Design

Humanity is experiencing a catastrophic pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally to cause significant morbidity and mortality, and there still remain unknowns about the biology and pathology of the virus. Even with testing, tracing, and social distancing, many countries are struggling to contain SAR...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:ACS nano 2020-10, Vol.14 (10), p.12522-12537
Main Authors: Chung, Young Hun, Beiss, Veronique, Fiering, Steven N, Steinmetz, Nicole F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Clinical Trials as Topic
Coronavirus Infections - economics
Coronavirus Infections - immunology
Coronavirus Infections - prevention & control
COVID-19 Vaccines
Drug Industry - methods
Humans
Nanotechnology - methods
Review
Vaccines, Subunit - adverse effects
Vaccines, Subunit - immunology
Vaccines, Synthetic - adverse effects
Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology
Viral Vaccines - adverse effects
Viral Vaccines - economics
Viral Vaccines - immunology
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Humanity is experiencing a catastrophic pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally to cause significant morbidity and mortality, and there still remain unknowns about the biology and pathology of the virus. Even with testing, tracing, and social distancing, many countries are struggling to contain SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 will only be suppressible when herd immunity develops, either because of an effective vaccine or if the population has been infected and is resistant to reinfection. There is virtually no chance of a return to pre-COVID-19 societal behavior until there is an effective vaccine. Concerted efforts by physicians, academic laboratories, and companies around the world have improved detection and treatment and made promising early steps, developing many vaccine candidates at a pace that has been unmatched for prior diseases. As of August 11, 2020, 28 of these companies have advanced into clinical trials with Moderna, CanSino, the University of Oxford, BioNTech, Sinovac, Sinopharm, Anhui Zhifei Longcom, Inovio, Novavax, Vaxine, Zydus Cadila, Institute of Medical Biology, and the Gamaleya Research Institute having moved beyond their initial safety and immunogenicity studies. This review analyzes these frontrunners in the vaccine development space and delves into their posted results while highlighting the role of the nanotechnologies applied by all the vaccine developers.
ISSN:1936-0851
1936-086X
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.0c07197