Is There a Role for Absorbable Metals in Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mg/Mg Alloy Based Implants

Magnesium (Mg) alloys have received attention in the literature as potential biomaterials for use as absorbable implants in oral and maxillofacial and orthopedic surgery applications. This study aimed to evaluate the available clinical studies related to patients who underwent bone fixation (patient...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2020-09, Vol.13 (18), p.3914
Main Authors: Sukotjo, Cortino, Lima-Neto, Tiburtino J., Santiago Júnior, Joel Fereira, Faverani, Leonardo P., Miloro, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloys
Bias
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Bone surgery
Confidence intervals
Data collection
Fixation
Fractures
Investigations
Laboratories
Magnesium
Meta-analysis
Metals
Orthopedics
Quality of life
Researchers
Review
Screws
Surgery
Surgical implants
Systematic review
Titanium
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Summary:Magnesium (Mg) alloys have received attention in the literature as potential biomaterials for use as absorbable implants in oral and maxillofacial and orthopedic surgery applications. This study aimed to evaluate the available clinical studies related to patients who underwent bone fixation (patients), and received conventional fixation (intervention), in comparison to absorbable metals (comparison), in terms of follow-up and complications (outcomes). A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement and PROSPERO (CRD42020188654), PICO question, ROBINS-I, and ROB scales. The relative risk (RR) of complications and failures were calculated considering a confidence interval (CI) of 95%. Eight studies (three randomized clinical trial (RCT), one retrospective studies, two case-control studies, and two prospective studies) involving 468 patients, including 230 Mg screws and 213 Titanium (Ti) screws, were analyzed. The meta-analysis did not show any significant differences when comparing the use of Mg and Ti screws for complications (p = 0.868). The estimated complication rate was 13.3% (95% CI: 8.3% to 20.6%) for the comparison group who received an absorbable Mg screw. The use of absorbable metals is feasible for clinical applications in bone surgery with equivalent outcomes to standard metal fixation devices.
ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma13183914