Pleiotropic use of Statins as non-lipid-lowering drugs

Statins, known as HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors, have primarily been utilized for metabolic and angiographic medical applications because of their cholesterol-lowering effects. Similar to other drugs, statins may also induce a series of potential side effects. Statins inhibit the HMGCR (rate-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of biological sciences 2020-01, Vol.16 (14), p.2704-2711
Main Authors: Zhang, Qijia, Dong, Jianlong, Yu, Ze
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alzheimer's disease
Cancer
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cholesterol
Coenzyme Q10
Coronary artery disease
Diabetes mellitus
Dolichol
Drugs
Functionals
Heart diseases
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase
Insulin resistance
Kinases
Lipids
Mevalonate pathway
Mevalonic acid
Nervous system
Nervous system diseases
Organs
Reductases
Review
Side effects
Statins
Stroke
Terpenes
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Description
Summary:Statins, known as HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors, have primarily been utilized for metabolic and angiographic medical applications because of their cholesterol-lowering effects. Similar to other drugs, statins may also induce a series of potential side effects. Statins inhibit the HMGCR (rate-limiting enzyme) activity in early stages of mevalonate pathway and then indirectly affect a number of intermediate products, including non-sterol isoprenoids (coenzyme Q10, dolichol etc.), which can result in impaired functions of body organs. Recently, scores of studies have uncovered additional functional mechanisms of statins in other diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, nervous system diseases, coronary heart disease, inflammation and cancers. This review aims to summarize the positive and adverse mechanisms of statin therapy. Statin care should be taken in the treatment of many diseases including cancers. Since the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated, future studies should spend more time and efforts on basic research to explore the mechanisms of statins.
ISSN:1449-2288
1449-2288
DOI:10.7150/ijbs.42965