Cetuximab-Mediated Protection from Hypoxia- Induced Cell Death: Implications for Therapy Sequence in Colorectal Cancer

Monoclonal antibodies like cetuximab, targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and bevacizumab, targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), are an integral part of treatment regimens for metastasized colorectal cancer. However, inhibition of the EGFR has been shown to prot...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2020-10, Vol.12 (10), p.3050
Main Authors: Urban, Hans, Maurer, Gabriele D., Luger, Anna-Luisa, Lorenz, Nadja I., Sauer, Benedikt, Stroh, Christopher, Trojan, Jörg, Mittelbronn, Michel, Steinbach, Joachim P., Harter, Patrick N., Ronellenfitsch, Michael W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Apoptosis
Bevacizumab
Biological products
Brain tumors
Cancer therapies
Cell death
Cell density
Cell growth
Cetuximab
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
Colon cancer
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Cytotoxicity
Dosage and administration
Drug therapy
Epidermal growth factor
Epidermal growth factor receptors
Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma cells
Glioma cells
Hypoxia
Medical prognosis
Monoclonal antibodies
Mutation
Patient outcomes
Signal transduction
Tumor microenvironment
Tumors
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Xenografts
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Summary:Monoclonal antibodies like cetuximab, targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and bevacizumab, targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), are an integral part of treatment regimens for metastasized colorectal cancer. However, inhibition of the EGFR has been shown to protect human glioma cells from cell death under hypoxic conditions. In colon carcinoma cells, the consequences of EGFR blockade in hypoxia (e.g., induced by bevacizumab) have not been evaluated yet. LIM1215 and SW948 colon carcinoma and LNT-229 glioblastoma cells were treated with cetuximab, PD153035, and erlotinib and analyzed for cell density and viability. The sequential administration of either cetuximab followed by bevacizumab (CET->BEV) or bevacizumab followed by cetuximab (BEV->CET) was investigated in a LIM1215 (KRAS wildtype) and SW948 (KRAS mutant) xenograft mouse model. In vitro, cetuximab protected from hypoxia. In the LIM1215 model, a survival benefit with cetuximab and bevacizumab monotherapy was observed, but only the sequence CET->BEV showed an additional benefit. This effect was confirmed in the SW948 model. Our observations support the hypothesis that bevacizumab modulates the tumor microenvironment (e.g., by inducing hypoxia) where cetuximab could trigger protective effects when administered later on. The sequence CET->BEV therefore seems to be superior as possible mutual adverse effects are bypassed.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers12103050