Immunogenic cell death in colon cancer prevention and therapy

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. The colonic mucosa constitutes a critical barrier and a major site of immune regulation. The immune system plays important roles in cancer development and treatment, and immune activation caused by chronic infection or inf...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular carcinogenesis 2020-07, Vol.59 (7), p.783-793
Main Authors: Ruan, Hang, Leibowitz, Brian J., Zhang, Lin, Yu, Jian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive immunity
Antineoplastic drugs
Apoptosis
cancer prevention
cancer therapy
Cell death
Chronic infection
Colon cancer
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Immune checkpoint
immunogenic cell death
Immunogenicity
Immunoregulation
Immunotherapy
Lymphocytes T
Mucosa
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Summary:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. The colonic mucosa constitutes a critical barrier and a major site of immune regulation. The immune system plays important roles in cancer development and treatment, and immune activation caused by chronic infection or inflammation is well‐known to increase cancer risk. During tumor development, neoplastic cells continuously interact with and shape the tumor microenvironment (TME), which becomes progressively immunosuppressive. The clinical success of immune checkpoint blockade therapies is limited to a small set of CRCs with high tumor mutational load and tumor‐infiltrating T cells. Induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD), a type of cell death eliciting an immune response, can therefore help break the immunosuppressive TME, engage the innate components, and prime T cell‐mediated adaptive immunity for long‐term tumor control. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of ICD induced by antineoplastic agents, the influence of driver mutations, and recent developments to harness ICD in colon cancer. Mechanism‐guided combinations of ICD‐inducing agents with immunotherapy and actionable biomarkers will likely offer more tailored and durable benefits to patients with colon cancer.
ISSN:0899-1987
1098-2744
DOI:10.1002/mc.23183