The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Uveal Melanoma

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adulthood. Approximately 50% of patients develop metastatic disease, which typically affects the liver and is usually fatal within one year. This type of cancer is heterogeneous in nature and is divided into two broad groups of tumo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2020-10, Vol.12 (10), p.2944
Main Authors: Bande, Manuel, Fernandez-Diaz, Daniel, Fernandez-Marta, Beatriz, Rodriguez-Vidal, Cristina, Lago-Baameiro, Nerea, Silva-Rodríguez, Paula, Paniagua, Laura, Blanco-Teijeiro, María José, Pardo, María, Piñeiro, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell cycle
Cell growth
Chromosome aberrations
Development and progression
Disease
Enzymes
Gene expression
Gene regulation
Genetic aspects
Genomes
Health aspects
Kinases
Melanoma
Metastases
Metastasis
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Non-coding RNA
Proteins
Review
RNA
Signal transduction
Tumors
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Summary:Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adulthood. Approximately 50% of patients develop metastatic disease, which typically affects the liver and is usually fatal within one year. This type of cancer is heterogeneous in nature and is divided into two broad groups of tumors according to their susceptibility to develop metastasis. In the last decade, chromosomal abnormalities and the aberrant expression of several signaling pathways and oncogenes in uveal melanomas have been described. Recently, importance has been given to the association of the mentioned deregulation with the expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Here, we review the different classes of ncRNAs—such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs)—and their contribution to the development of UM. Special attention is given to miRNAs and their regulatory role in physiopathology and their potential as biomarkers. As important agents in gene regulation, ncRNAs have a huge potential for opening up therapeutic pathways, predicting response to treatment, and anticipating patient outcome for UM.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers12102944