Host-directed editing of the SARS-CoV-2 genome

The extensive sequence data generated from SARS-CoV-2 during the 2020 pandemic has facilitated the study of viral genome evolution over a brief period of time. This has highlighted instances of directional mutation pressures exerted on the SARS-CoV-2 genome from host antiviral defense systems. In th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2021-01, Vol.538, p.35-39
Main Authors: Mourier, Tobias, Sadykov, Mukhtar, Carr, Michael J., Gonzalez, Gabriel, Hall, William W., Pain, Arnab
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADAR
Adenosine Deaminase - metabolism
APOBEC
APOBEC Deaminases - metabolism
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 - virology
Gene Editing
Genome editing
Genome, Viral
Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics
Humans
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
RNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
ROS
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - genetics
Virus evolution
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Summary:The extensive sequence data generated from SARS-CoV-2 during the 2020 pandemic has facilitated the study of viral genome evolution over a brief period of time. This has highlighted instances of directional mutation pressures exerted on the SARS-CoV-2 genome from host antiviral defense systems. In this brief review we describe three such human defense mechanisms, the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like proteins (APOBEC), adenosine deaminase acting on RNA proteins (ADAR), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and discuss their potential implications on SARS-CoV-2 evolution.
ISSN:0006-291X
1090-2104
1090-2104
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.092