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Associations between Child Snack and Beverage Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Malnutrition in Nepal

The global nutrition transition and increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed snacks have contributed to increasing rates of child obesity and dental caries in developing countries. In Nepal, where child malnutrition rates are high, the relationship between malnutrition...

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Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2020-10, Vol.17 (21), p.7911
Main Authors: Zahid, Neha, Khadka, Nehaa, Ganguly, Madhurima, Varimezova, Tanya, Turton, Bathsheba, Spero, Laura, Sokal-Gutierrez, Karen
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description The global nutrition transition and increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed snacks have contributed to increasing rates of child obesity and dental caries in developing countries. In Nepal, where child malnutrition rates are high, the relationship between malnutrition and dental caries is poorly understood. This cross-sectional study aims to assess this relationship among a convenience sample of 273 children age six months to less than 12 years in three communities in Nepal, using parent/caregiver interviews, child dental exams, and anthropometric measurements. Fisher's exact test and independent t-tests examined associations between dietary practices and severe caries and between severe caries and malnutrition, respectively. Children consumed sugar-sweetened beverages and processed snacks frequently: 80% consumed tea with sugar, 60% consumed sweet snacks, and 65% consumed processed savory snacks daily. Overall, 74% of children had untreated tooth decay, and 21% exhibited stunting malnutrition, 14% were underweight, and 6% presented wasting. Significant associations were found between daily consumption of sweets and processed snacks with severe caries and between severe caries and poorer nutritional status. These findings underscore the need to incorporate nutrition and oral health promotion and dental treatment into maternal-child health services and schools and to strengthen policies to reduce children's access to junk food.
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subjects Abscesses
Adolescent
Age
Beverages
Caregivers
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Children & youth
Chronic illnesses
Cross-Sectional Studies
Data collection
Dental care
Dental caries
Dental Caries - epidemiology
Dental Caries - etiology
Developing countries
Diet
Families & family life
Female
Fistula
Fluorides
Health promotion
Health services
Humans
Infant
LDCs
Male
Malnutrition
Malnutrition - epidemiology
Malnutrition - etiology
Marketing
Nepal - epidemiology
Nutrition
Nutrition research
Nutritional status
Obesity
Oral hygiene
Parents & parenting
Population
Quality of life
Schools
Snack foods
Snacks
Statistical analysis
Sugar
Sweet taste
Tea
Teeth
Toothpaste
Underweight
title Associations between Child Snack and Beverage Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Malnutrition in Nepal
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