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The role of the lectin pathway of the complement system in SARS-CoV-2 lung injury

Although some evidence showed the activation of complement systems in COVID-19 patients, proinflammatory status and lectin pathway remain unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to demonstrate the role of MBL and ficolin-3 in the complement system activation and compared to pandemic Influenza A virus...

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Published in:Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 2021-05, Vol.231, p.55-63
Main Authors: Malaquias, Mineia Alessandra Scaranello, Gadotti, Ana Carolina, Motta-Junior, Jarbas da Silva, Martins, Ana Paula Camargo, Azevedo, Marina Luise Viola, Benevides, Ana Paula Kubaski, Cézar-Neto, Plínio, Panini do Carmo, Letícia Arianne, Zeni, Rafaela Chiuco, Raboni, Sonia Mara, Fonseca, Aline Simoneti, Machado-Souza, Cleber, Moreno-Amaral, Andrea Novais, de Noronha, Lucia
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Language:English
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Summary:Although some evidence showed the activation of complement systems in COVID-19 patients, proinflammatory status and lectin pathway remain unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to demonstrate the role of MBL and ficolin-3 in the complement system activation and compared to pandemic Influenza A virus H1N1 subtype infection (H1N1pdm09) and control patients. A total of 27 lungs formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples (10 from H1N1 group, 6 from the COVID-19 group, and 11 from the control group) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using anti-IL-6, TNF-alfa, CD163, MBL e FCN3 antibodies. Genotyping of target polymorphisms in the MBL2 gene was performed by real-time PCR. Proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha presented higher tissue expression in the COVID-19 group compared to H1N1 and control groups. The same results were observed for ICAM-1 tissue expression. Increased expression of the FCN3 was observed in the COVID-19 group and H1N1 group compared to the control group. The MBL tissue expression was higher in the COVID-19 group compared to H1N1 and control groups. The genotypes AA for rs180040 (G/A), GG for rs1800451 (G/A) and CC for rs5030737 (T/C) showed a higher prevalence in the COVID-19 group. The intense activation of the lectin pathway, with particular emphasis on the MBL pathway, together with endothelial dysfunction and a massive proinflammatory cytokines production, possibly lead to a worse outcome in patients infected with SARS-Cov-2. Moreover, 3 SNPs of our study presented genotypes that might be correlated with high MBL tissue expression in the COVID-19 pulmonary samples.
ISSN:1931-5244
1878-1810
1878-1810
DOI:10.1016/j.trsl.2020.11.008