Putative Antimicrobial Peptides of the Posterior Salivary Glands from the Cephalopod Octopus vulgaris Revealed by Exploring a Composite Protein Database

Cephalopods, successful predators, can use a mixture of substances to subdue their prey, becoming interesting sources of bioactive compounds. In addition to neurotoxins and enzymes, the presence of antimicrobial compounds has been reported. Recently, the transcriptome and the whole proteome of the O...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antibiotics (Basel) 2020-11, Vol.9 (11), p.757
Main Authors: Almeida, Daniela, Domínguez-Pérez, Dany, Matos, Ana, Agüero-Chapin, Guillermin, Osório, Hugo, Vasconcelos, Vitor, Campos, Alexandre, Antunes, Agostinho
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial peptides
Bioactive compounds
Cephalopods
Datasets
Enzymes
Gene expression
Health aspects
Histones
Inflammation
Molecular weight
Neurotoxins
Octopus
Octopus vulgaris
Octopuses
Peptides
Predators
Prey
Proteins
Proteomes
Proteomics
Saliva
Salivary gland
Salivary glands
Sample preparation
Shotguns
Toxins
Transcriptomes
Venom
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Summary:Cephalopods, successful predators, can use a mixture of substances to subdue their prey, becoming interesting sources of bioactive compounds. In addition to neurotoxins and enzymes, the presence of antimicrobial compounds has been reported. Recently, the transcriptome and the whole proteome of the Octopus vulgaris salivary apparatus were released, but the role of some compounds—e.g., histones, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and toxins—remains unclear. Herein, we profiled the proteome of the posterior salivary glands (PSGs) of O. vulgaris using two sample preparation protocols combined with a shotgun-proteomics approach. Protein identification was performed against a composite database comprising data from the UniProtKB, all transcriptomes available from the cephalopods’ PSGs, and a comprehensive non-redundant AMPs database. Out of the 10,075 proteins clustered in 1868 protein groups, 90 clusters corresponded to venom protein toxin families. Additionally, we detected putative AMPs clustered with histones previously found as abundant proteins in the saliva of O. vulgaris. Some of these histones, such as H2A and H2B, are involved in systemic inflammatory responses and their antimicrobial effects have been demonstrated. These results not only confirm the production of enzymes and toxins by the O. vulgaris PSGs but also suggest their involvement in the first line of defense against microbes.
ISSN:2079-6382
2079-6382
DOI:10.3390/antibiotics9110757