Autophagy and Autophagy-Related Diseases: A Review

Autophagy refers to the process involving the decomposition of intracellular components via lysosomes. Autophagy plays an important role in maintaining and regulating cell homeostasis by degrading intracellular components and providing degradation products to cells. In vivo, autophagy has been shown...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2020-11, Vol.21 (23), p.8974
Main Authors: Ichimiya, Tadashi, Yamakawa, Tsukasa, Hirano, Takehiro, Yokoyama, Yoshihiro, Hayashi, Yuki, Hirayama, Daisuke, Wagatsuma, Kohei, Itoi, Takao, Nakase, Hiroshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Animals
Autophagy
Cell differentiation
Degradation products
Differentiation (biology)
Disease
Health
Homeostasis
Humans
Hypoxia
Intracellular
Kinases
Lipids
Lysosomes
Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 - metabolism
Metabolism
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial DNA
Models, Biological
Mutation
Phagocytosis
Phosphorylation
Physiology
Proteins
Quality control
Review
Starvation
Tumorigenesis
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Summary:Autophagy refers to the process involving the decomposition of intracellular components via lysosomes. Autophagy plays an important role in maintaining and regulating cell homeostasis by degrading intracellular components and providing degradation products to cells. In vivo, autophagy has been shown to be involved in the starvation response, intracellular quality control, early development, and cell differentiation. Recent studies have revealed that autophagy dysfunction is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases and tumorigenesis. In addition to the discovery of certain disease-causing autophagy-related mutations and elucidation of the pathogenesis of conditions resulting from the abnormal degradation of selective autophagy substrates, the activation of autophagy is essential for prolonging life and suppressing aging. This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of autophagy in health, physiological function, and autophagy-related disease.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21238974